White Light Emitting Organic Electroluminescence Element, Display and Illuminator

ABSTRACT

A white light emitting organic electroluminescent element comprising two electrodes having therebetween one or more constituting layers including a light emission layer, the one or more constituting layers comprising at least two phosphorescent compounds, wherein at least one of the phosphorescent compounds is a green light emitting ortho metalated complex; and a spectral ratio of the green light emitting ortho metalated complex in ae emission spectral distribution in a range of 400-800 nm is not less than 60%.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a white light emitting organicelectroluminescent element, a display and an illuminator.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

As an emission type electronic display device, an electroluminescentdevice (ELD) is known. Elements constituting the ELD include aninorganic electroluminescent element and an organic electroluminescentelement (hereinafter referred to also as an organic EL element).Inorganic electroluminescent element has been used for a plane lightsource, however, a high voltage alternating current has been required todrive the element. An organic EL element has a structure in which alight emitting layer containing a light emitting compound is arrangedbetween a cathode and an anode, and an electron and a hole were injectedinto the light emitting layer and recombined to form an exciton. Theelement emits light, utilizing light (fluorescent light orphosphorescent light) generated by inactivation of the exciton, and theelement can emit light by applying a relatively low voltage, namely,several volts to several tens of volts. The element has a wide viewingangle and a high visuality since the element is of self light emissiontype. Further, the element is a thin, complete solid element, therefore,the element is noted from the viewpoint of space saving and portability.

For the practical use in the future, an organic EL element is desired toemit light of high luminance with high efficiency at a lower power.

For example, disclosed is an organic EL element exhibiting higherluminance of emitting light with longer life in which a stilbenederivative, a distyrylarylene derivative or a tristyrylarylenederivative doped with a slight amount of a fluorescent compound isemployed (refer to Japanese Patent No. 3093796).

Also known are: an organic EL element which has an organic lightemitting layer containing 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum complex as a hostcompound doped with a slight amount of a fluorescent compound (forexample, refer to Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection(hereafter referred to as JP-A) No. 63-264692); and an organic ELelement which has an organic light emitting layer containing8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum complex as a host compound doped with aquinacridone type dye (for example, refer to JP-A No. 3-255190).

When light emitted through excited singlet state is used in the organicEL element as disclosed in the above Patent documents, the upper limitof the external quantum efficiency (ηext) is considered to be at most5%, because the generation probability of excited species capable ofemitting light is 25%, since the generation ratio of singlet excitedspecies to triplet excited species is 1:3, and further, external lightemission efficiency is 20%.

Since an organic EL element, employing phosphorescence through theexcited triplet, has been reported by Prinston University (refer to M.A. Baldo et al., nature, 395, 151-154 (1998)), studies on materialsemitting phosphorescence at room temperature have been actively carriedout.

Examples are also reported in M. A. Baldo et al., Nature, 403(17),750-753 (2000) or in U.S. Pat. No. 6,097,147.

As the upper limit of the internal quantum efficiency of the excitedtriplet is 100%, the light emission efficiency of the exited triplet istheoretically four times higher than that of the excited singlet.Accordingly, light emission employing the excited triplet may enablealmost the same performance as a cold cathode tube, and it is attractingattention to be applied as an illuminator.

For example, S. Lamansky et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 4304 (2001)reports that many kinds of heavy metal complexes such as iridiumcomplexes have been synthesized and studied.

In above mentioned M. A. Baldo et al., Nature, 403(17), 750-753 (2000),an example employing tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium as a dopant has beenstudied.

As other examples, M. E. Tompson et al. have reported the application ofL₂Ir(acac) such as (ppy)₂Ir(acac) as a dopant in the 10th InternationalWorkshop on Inorganic and Organic Electroluminescence (EL '00,Hamamatsu), and Moon-Jae Youn. 0 g, Tetsuo Tsutsui et al., have reportedthe application of tris(2-(p-tolyl)pyridine)iridium (Ir(ptpy)₃), andtris(benzo[h]quinoline)iridium (Ir(bzq)₃) as a dopant in the 10thInternational Workshop on Inorganic and Organic Electroluminescence (EL'00, Hamamatsu). These metal complexes are generally referred to as anortho metalated iridium complex.

Also in aforementioned S. Lamansky et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 4304(2001), an application of various iridium complexes to an organic ELelements has been examined.

In order to obtain a higher emission efficiency, Ikai et al. havereported an application of a hole transport compound as a host materialof a phosphorescent compound in the 10th International Workshop onInorganic and Organic Electroluminescence (EL '00, Hamamatsu). Also, M.E. Tompson et al., have reported an application of variouselectron-transport compounds as a host material of a phosphorescentcompound, which is further doped with a novel iridium complex.

An ortho metalated complex having platinum as a central metal instead ofiridium is also attracting attention. Many examples of this type ofcomplex having a characteristic ligand have been known (for example,refer to Patent Documents 1-5).

Since each of the above examples is related to phosphorescent emission,the luminance, and the emission efficiency are notably improved comparedto the conventional organic EL elements, however, the emission life ofeach element have been shorter than those of the conventional organic ELelements. It has not been fully easy for a high efficiencyphosphorescent material to satisfactorily shorten the emissionwavelength and to improve the emission life, and a fully satisfactoryperformance for the practical use has not been obtained.

In order to shorten the emission wavelength, known are the techniques inwhich an electron withdrawing group such as a fluorine atom, atrifluoromethyl group or a cyano group, or a ligand such as a picolinicacid or a pyrazabole ligand is introduced in phenylpyridine (forexample, refer to Patent Documents 6-10). However, when these ligandsare used, the emission wavelengths are shortened to attain emission ofblue light and an element exhibiting a high efficiency can be obtained.However, the emission life is notably deteriorated. Patent Document 1Japanese Patent Publication Open to Public Inspection (hereafterreferred to as JP-A) No. 2002-332291 Patent Document 2 JP-A No.2002-332292 Patent Document 3 JP-A No. 2002-338588 Patent Document 4JP-A No. 2002-226495 Patent Document 5 JP-A No. 2002-234894 PatentDocument 6 WO 02/15645 Patent Document 7 JP-A No. 2003-123982 PatentDocument 8 JP-A No. 2002-117978 Patent Document 9 JP-A No. 2003-146996Patent Document 10 WO 04/016711

Non-Patent Document 1

-   -   Inorganic Chemistry, Vol. 41, No. 12, 3055-3066 Non-Patent        Document 2    -   Applied Physics, Letters, Vol. 79, Page 2082

Non-Patent Document 3

-   -   Applied Physics, Letters, Vol. 83, Page 3818

Non-Patent Document 4

-   -   New Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 26, Page 1171

SUMMARY THE INVENTION

An object of the invention is to provide an organic EL elementexhibiting a high luminance, a high emission efficiency and an excellentCIE chromaticy of white light emission, and a display and an illuminatoremploying the element.

One of the aspects of the present invention to achieve the above abjectis a white light emitting organic electroluminescent element comprisingtwo electrodes having therebetween one or more constituting layersincluding a light emission layer, the one or more constituting layerscomprising at least two phosphorescent compounds, wherein at least oneof the phosphorescent compounds is a green light emitting orthometalated complex; and a spectral ratio of the green light emittingortho metalated complex in ae emission spectral distribution in a rangeof 400-800 nm is not less than 60%.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing illustrating an example of a displayequipped with a white light emitting organic EL element.

FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of display portion A.

FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a drive circuit constitutinga pixel.

FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing of a display based on a passive matrixmethod.

FIG. 5 is a simple schematic drawing of a sealing structure of whitelight emitting organic EL element-1.

FIG. 6 is a schematic drawing of an illuminator equipped with a whiteemitting organic EL element.

FIG. 7 shows a spectral curve of sample GOLED-1 for measuring spectrumcomponent of green light.

FIG. 8 shows a spectral curve of sample GOLED-5 for measuring spectrumcomponent of green light.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The above-described object of the present invention has been achieved bythe following structures 1-46.

(1) A white light emitting organic electroluminescent element comprisingtwo electrodes having therebetween one or more constituting layersincluding a light emission layer, the one or more constituting layerscomprising at least two phosphorescent compounds, wherein

at least one of the phosphorescent compounds is a green light emittingortho metalated complex; and

a spectral ratio of the green light emitting ortho metalated complex inae emission spectral distribution in a range of 400-800 nm is not lessthan 60%.

(2) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(1), wherein

at least one of the phosphorescent compounds is a blue light emittingortho metalated complex; and

a shortest emission peak wavelength of the blue light emitting orthometalated complex is not more than 455 nm.

(3) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(1) or (2), wherein

-   -   at least one of the phosphorescent compounds is a red light        emitting ortho metalated complex.

(4) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(2) or (3), wherein

-   -   the blue light emitting ortho metalated complex has at least one        of the substructures represented by Formulas (1) to (6) or at        last one of tautomers of the substructures represented by        Formulas (1) to (6).        [wherein, Z11 is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatic        hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring; R₁₁, R₁₂ and        R₁₃ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and M₁₁ is a        metal belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table.]        [wherein, Z21 is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatic        hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring; R₂₁, R₂₂ and        R₁₃ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and M₂₁ is a        metal belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table.]        [wherein, Z31 is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatic        hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring; X₃₁, X₃₂ and        X₃₃ each are a carbon atom, —C(R₃)—, a nitrogen atom or —N(R₃)—        (wherein, R₃ is a hydrogen atom or a substituent); C₃₁ is a        carbon atom; M₃₁ is a metal belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10        of the periodic table; and a bond between C₃₁ and N, a bond        between N and X₃₃, a bond between X₃₂ and X₃₃, a bond between        X₃₁ and X₃₂, and a bond between C₃₁ and X₃₁ each are a single        bond or a double bond.]        [wherein, Z41 is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatic        heterocyclic ring; at least one of X₄₁ and X₄₂ is a nitrogen        atom or —N(R₄)— (wherein, R₄ is a hydrogen atom or a        substituent); M₄₁ is a metal belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10        of the periodic table; C₄₁, C₄₂ and C₄₃ each are a carbon atom;        M₄₁ is a metal belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 of the        periodic table; and a bond between C₄₁ and C₄₂, a bond between        C₄₁ and X₄₂, a bond between X₄₁ and X₄₂, a bond between X₄₁ and        C₄₃, and a bond between C₄₂ and C₄₃ each are a single bond or a        double bond.]        [wherein, Z51 is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatic        hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring; X₅₁ is an        oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; R₅₁ and R₅₂ each are a hydrogen        atom or a substituent; and M₅₁ is a metal belonging to one of        Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table.]        [wherein, Z61 is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatic        hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring. X₆₁, X₆₂ and        X₆₃ each are a carbon atom, —C(R₆)—, a nitrogen atom or —N(R₆)—        (wherein, R₆ is a hydrogen atom or a substituent); and M₆₁ is a        metal belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table.]

(5) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(2) or (3), wherein

the blue light emitting ortho metalated complex is a platinum complexrepresented by Formula (7).

[wherein, R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆ and R₇ each are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that, at least one of R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆ andR₇ is a substituent; Ra is a substituent; Xa is an oxygen atom or asulfur atom; Y₁-L₁-Y₁ is a bidentate ligand; Y₁ and Y₂ eachindependently are an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a carbon atom or asulfur atom; and L₁ is an atomic group necessary to form a bidentateligand together with Y₁ and Y₂.]

(6) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(2) or (3), wherein

the blue light emitting ortho metalated complex is a metal complexhaving a substructure represented by Formula (8) or (9).

[wherein, A, B and C each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent, providedthat at least two of A, B and C are represented by -Xa-(Ra)_(na)(wherein Ra is a substituent, Xa is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or anitrogen atom, and na is 1 or 2.), which may be the same or different;R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄ and R₅ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and M₁is an element belonging to one Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table.]

[wherein, Rb, Rc and Rd each are a substituent; Xb, Xc and Xd each arean oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a nitrogen atom; nb, nc and nd each are1 or 2; R₆, R₇, R₈, R₉ and R₁₀ each are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; and M₂ is an element belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 ofthe periodic table.]

(7) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(2) or (3), wherein

the blue light emitting ortho metalated complex is a metal complexhaving a ligand represented by Formula (10), a metal complex having asubstructure represented by Formula (11) or (12) or a metal complexhaving a tautomer of the substructure represented by Formula (11) or(12).

[wherein, X₁, X₂, X₃ and R₄ each independently are a carbon atom or anitrogen atom; C₁ and C₂ each are a carbon atom; Z1 represents a groupof atoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₁, X₁ and X₃; Z2 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₂, X₂ and X₄; A₁ is a nitrogen atom ora boron atom; R₁ is a substituent; and a bond between C₁ and X₁, a bondbetween C₂ and X₂, a bond between X₁ and X₃, and a bond between X₂ andX₄ each are a single bond or a double bond.]

[wherein, C₃, C₄, C₅, C₆ and C₇ each are a carbon atom; Z3 represents agroup of atoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or anaromatic heterocyclic ring together with together with C₃, C₄ and C₅; Z4represents a group of atoms necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclicring together with together with C₆, C₇ and N; A₂ is a nitrogen atom ora boron atom; R₂ is a substituent; and M₁₁ is an element belonging toone of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table; and a bond between C₃ andC₄, a bond between C₄ and C₅, a bond between C₆ and C₇, and a bondbetween C₇ and N each are a single bond or a double bond.]

[wherein, A₃ is a nitrogen atom or a boron atom; R₃ is a substituent; R₄and R₅ each are a substituent; n1 and n2 each are an integer of 0-3; andM₁₂ is an element belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodictable.]

(8) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(2) or (3), wherein

the blue light emitting ortho metalated complex is a metal complexhaving a ligand represented by Formula (13), a metal complex having asubstructure represented by Formula (14), a metal complex having asubstructure represented by Formula (15) or a tautomer of thesubstructure, a metal complex having a ligand represented by Formula(16), a metal complex having a substructure represented by Formula (17)or a metal complex having a substructure represented by Formula (18).

[wherein, X₁, X₂, X₃ and X₄ each independently are a carbon atom or anitrogen atom; C₁ and C₂ each are a carbon atom; Z1 represents a groupof atoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₁, X₁ and X₃; Z2 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₂, X₂ and X₄; A₁ is a carbon atom or asilicon atom; R₁ and R₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; and a bond between C₁ and X₁, a bond between C₂ and X₂, abond between X₁ and X₃, and a bond between X₂ and X₄ each are a singlebond or a double bond.]

[wherein, C₃, C₄, C₅, C₆ and X₇ each are a carbon atom; Z3 represents agroup of atoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or anaromatic heterocyclic ring together with C₅, C₃ and C₇; Z4 represents agroup of atoms necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring togetherwith C₆, C₄ and N; A₂ is a carbon atom or a silicon atom; R₃ and R₄ eachindependently are a hydrogen atom or a substituent. M₁₁ is an elementbelonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table; and a bondbetween C₅ and C₃, a bond between C₃ and C₇, a bond between C₆ and C₄,and a bond between C₄ and N each are a single bond or a double bond.]

[wherein, A₃ is a carbon atom or a silicon atom; R₅ and R₆ eachindependently are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and R₇ and R₈ eachindependently are a substituent; n1 and n2 each independently are aninteger of 0-3; M₁₂ is an element belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 ofthe periodic table.]

[wherein, X₃, X₄, X₅ and X₆ each independently are a carbon atom or anitrogen atom; C₈-C₁₃ each are a carbon atom; Z5 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₈, X₃ and X₅; Z6 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₉, X₄ and X₆; Z7 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₁₀ and C₁₁; Z8 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₁₂ and C₁₃; A₄ is a carbon atom or asilicon atom; and a bond between X₃ and X₅, a bond between X₄ and X₆, abond between C₈ and X₃, and a bond between C₉ and X₄, a bond between C₁₀and C₁₁ and a bond between C₁₂ and C₁₃ each are a single bond or adouble bond.]

[wherein, C₁₄-C₂₂ each are a carbon atom; Z9 represents a group of atomsnecessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₁₆, C₁₄ and C₁₈; Z11 represents a groupof atoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₁₉ and C₂₀; Z12 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₂₁ and C₂₂; each are an atomic groupnecessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring; Z10 represents a group of atoms necessary to form anaromatic heterocyclic ring together with C₁₇, C₁₅ and N; A₅ is a carbonatom or a silicon atom; M₂₁ is an element belonging to one of Groups 8to 10 of the periodic table; and a bond between C₁₈ and C₁₄, a bondbetween C₁₄ and C₁₆, a bond between C₁₇ and C₁₅, and a bond between C₁₅and N, a bond between C₁₉ and C₂₀, and a bond between C₂₁ and C₂₂ eachare a single bond or a double bond.]

[wherein, Z13 represents a group of atoms necessary to form an aromatichydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring together with C₂₃ andC₂₄; Z14 represents a group of atoms necessary to form an aromatichydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring together with C₂₅ andC₂₆; A₅ is a carbon atom or a silicon atom. R₉ and R₁₀ eachindependently are a substituent; n3 and n4 each is an integer of 0-3;M₂₂ is an element belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodictable; and a bond between C₂₃ and C₂₄, and a bond between C₂₅ and C₂₆each are a single bond or a double bond.]

(9) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(2) or (3), wherein

the blue light emitting ortho metalated complex comprises a platinumcomplex selected from the group consisting of Formulas (19)-(27).

[wherein, R₁ and R₂ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent, providedthat at least one of R₁ and R₂ is the substituent; X₁ and X₂ each are acarbon atom, a nitrogen atom or a sulfur atom; and Z₁ and Z₂ each are anatomic group necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or anaromatic heterocyclic ring; n1 is an integer of 1 or 2; L1 is abidentate ligand when n1 is 1; and p1 and q1 each are an integer of0-4.]

[wherein, R₃ and R₄ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent, providedthat at least one of R₃ and R₄ is the substituent; n2 is an integer of 1or 2; L2 is a bidentate ligand when n2 is 1; and p2 and q2 each are aninteger of 0-4.]

[wherein, R₅ and R₆ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Z3 is anatomic group necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or anaromatic heterocyclic ring; n3 is an integer of 1 or 2; L3 is abidentate ligand when n3 is 1; p3 is an integer of 0-3; and q3 is aninteger of 0-4.]

[wherein, R₇ and R₈ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent. R₉-R₁₃each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent. n4 is an integer of 1 or 2;and L4 is a bidentate ligand when n4 is 1; p4 is an integer of 0-3; andq4 is an integer of 0-4.]

[wherein, R₁₄ and R₁₅ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; Z₄ isan atomic group necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or anaromatic heterocyclic ring; n5 is an integer of 1 or 2; L5 is abidentate ligand when n5 is 1; p5 is an integer of 0-4; and q5 is aninteger of 0-3.]

[wherein, R₁₆ and R₁₇ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; R₁₈-R₂₂each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; n6 is an integer of 1 or 2;L6 is a bidentate ligand when n6 is 1; p6 is an integer of 0-3; and q7is an integer of 0-4.]

[wherein, R₂₃ and R₂₄ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; Z₅ isan atomic group necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring togetherwith a nitrogen atom; n7 is an integer of 1 or 2; L7 is a bidentateligand when n7 is 1; p8 is an integer of 0-3; and q6 is an integer of0-4.]

[wherein, R₂₅ and R₂₆ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; Z₆ isan atomic group necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring togetherwith a nitrogen atom; n8 is an integer of 1 or 2; L8 is a bidentateligand when n8 is 1; p9 is an integer of 0-3; and q7 is an integer of0-4.]

[wherein, R₂₇ and R₂₈ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent,provided that at least one of R₂₇ and R₂₈ is the substituent; L0 is adivalent linkage group; X₃ and X₄ each are a carbon atom, a nitrogenatom, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; Z₇ and Z₈ each are an atomicgroup necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring; n9 is an integer of 1 or 2; L9 is a bidentate ligandwhen n9 is 1; and p10 and q8 each are an integer of 0-4.]

(10) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element ofclaims 2 or 3, wherein

the blue light emitting ortho metalated complex comprises at least onesubstructure selected from the group consisting of Formulas (28)-(32) ora tautomer of the substructure.

[wherein, C is a carbon atom; N is a nitrogen atom; Z₁₁ is an atomicgroup necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring together with acarbon atom and a nitrogen atom; Z₁₂ is an atomic group necessary toform a non-aromatic ring together with a carbon atom; and M is a metal.]

[wherein, C is a carbon atom; N is a nitrogen atom; Z₂₁ and Z₂₂ each arean atomic group necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring togetherwith a carbon atom and a nitrogen atom; and M is a metal.]

[wherein, C is a carbon atom; N is a nitrogen atom; Z₃₁ is an atomicgroup necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring together with acarbon atom and a nitrogen atom; Z₃₂ is an atomic group comprising acarbon atom, a nitrogen atom or an oxygen atom necessary to form a5-membered or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring together with acarbon atom; and M is a metal.]

[wherein, C is a carbon atom; N is a nitrogen atom; Z₄₁ is an atomicgroup necessary to form a ring together with a carbon atom and anitrogen atom; Z₄₂ is an atomic group necessary to form a ring togetherwith a carbon atom; and M is a metal.]

[wherein, C is a carbon atom; N is a nitrogen atom; Z₅₁ is an atomicgroup necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring together with acarbon atom and a nitrogen atom; Z₅₂ is an atomic group to form anazulene ring together with a carbon atom; and M is a metal.]

(11) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(2) or (3) comprising a platinum complex having a substructurerepresented by Formula (A) or (B).

[wherein, R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆ and R₇ each are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ is anelectron donating group; and Ra and Rb each are a substituent.]

[wherein, R₁₁, R₁₂, R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅, R₁₆ and R₁₇ each are a hydrogen atomor a substituent, provided that at least one of R₁₁ and R₁₃ is anelectron withdrawing group; and Rc and Rd each are a substituent.]

(12) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (2) to (11), wherein

a shortest emission peak wavelength of the blue light emitting orthometalated complex is not more than 450 nm.

(13) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (1) to (12), wherein

the light emission layer or a layer adjacent to the light emission layercomprises a compound represented by Formula (33).

[wherein, Z₁ is an aromatic heterocyclic ring which may have asubstituent; Z₂ is an aromatic heterocyclic ring or an aromatichydrocarbon ring each of which may have a substituent; and Z₃ is adivalent linkage group or a single bonding arm; and R₁₀₁ is a hydrogenatom or a substituent.]

(14) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(13), wherein Z₁ of the compound represented by Formula (33) is a6-membered ring.

(15) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(13) or (14), wherein Z₂ of the compound represented by Formula (33) isa 6-membered ring.

(16) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (15), wherein Z₃ of the compound represented byFormula (33) is a single bonding arm.

(17) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (16), wherein a molecular weight of the compoundrepresented by Formula (33) is not less than 450.

(18) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (33-1).

[wherein, R₅₀₁-R₅₀₇ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]

(19) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (33-2).

[wherein, R₅₁₁-R₅₁₇ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]

(20) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (33-3).

[wherein, R₅₂₁-R₅₂₇ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]

(21) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (33-4).

[wherein, R₅₃₁-R₅₃₇ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]

(22) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (33-5).

[wherein, R₅₄₁-R₅₄₈ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]

(23) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (33-6).

[wherein, R₅₅₁-R₅₅₈ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]

(24) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (33-7).

[wherein, R₅₆₁-R₅₆₇ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]

(25) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (33-8).

[wherein, R₅₇₁-R₅₇₇ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]

(26) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (33-9).

[wherein, R₅₈₁-R₅₈₈ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]

(27) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (33-10).

[wherein, R₅₉₂-R₅₉₈ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]

(28) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) has at least one of the groups representing by Formulas(34-1)-(34-10).

[wherein, R₅₀₂-R₅₀₇, R₅₁₂-R₅₁₇, R₅₂₂-R₅₂₇, R₅₃₂-R₅₃₇, R₅₄₂-R₅₄₈,R₅₅₂-R₅₅₈, R₅₆₂-R₅₆₇, R₅₇₂-R₅₇₇, R₅₈₂-R₅₈₈ and R₅₉₂-R₅₉₈, eachindependently are a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and the substituentsmay be the same with each other or may be different.]

(29) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(28), wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) is represented byFormula (35).

[wherein, R₆₀₁-R₆₀₆ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₆₀₁-R₆₀₆ is a group selectedfrom the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).]

(30) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(28), wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) is represented byFormula (36).

[wherein, R₆₁₁-R₆₂₀ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₆₁₁-R₆₂₀ is one groupselected from the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).]

(31) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(28), wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) is represented byFormula (37).

[wherein, R₆₂₁-R₆₂₃ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, however, at least one of R₆₂₁-R₆₂₃ is one group selectedfrom the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).]

(32) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(28), wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) is represented byFormula (38).

[wherein, R₆₃₁-R₆₄₅ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₆₃₁-R₆₄₅ is one groupselected from the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).]

(33) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(28), wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) is represented byFormula (39).

[wherein, R₆₅₁-R₆₅₆ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₆₅₁-R₆₅₆ is one groupselected from the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10); na isan integer of 0-5; and nb is an integer of 1-6, provided that a sum ofna and nb is 6.]

(34) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(28), wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) is represented byFormula (40).

[wherein, R₆₆₁-R₆₇₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₆₆₁-R₆₇₂ is one groupselected from the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).]

(35) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(28), wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) is represented byFormula (41).

[wherein, R₆₈₁-R₆₈₈ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₆₈₁-R₆₈₈ is one groupselected from the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).]

(36) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(28), wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) is represented byFormula (42).

[wherein, R₆₉₁-R₇₀₀ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; L₁ is a divalent linkage group; at least one of R₆₉₁-R₇₀₀is one group selected from the groups represented by Formulas(34-1)-(34-10).]

(37) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (43).

[wherein, R₁ and R₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; n and m each are an integer of 1-2; and k and l each are aninteger of 3-4, wherein, n+k=5 and 1+m=5.]

(38) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (44).

[wherein, R₁ and R₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; n and m each are an integer of 1-2; and k and l each are aninteger of 3-4, wherein n+k=5 and 1+m=5.]

(39) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (45).

[wherein, R₁ and R₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; n and m each are an integer of 1-2; and k and l each are aninteger of 3-4, wherein n+k=5 and 1+m=5.]

(40) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (46).

[wherein, R₁ and R₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; n and m each are an integer of 1-2; and k and 1 each are aninteger of 3-4, wherein n+k=5 and 1+m=5.]

(41) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (47).

[wherein, R₁ and R₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; n and m each are an integer of 1-2; k and 1 each are aninteger of 3-4, wherein, n+k=5 and 1+m=5; and Z₁, Z₂, Z₃ and Z₄ each area 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring comprising at least one nitrogenatom.]

(42) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (48).

[wherein, o and p each are an integer of 1-3; Ar₁ and Ar₂ each are anarylene group or a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group; Z₁ and Z₂ eachare a 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring comprising at least onenitrogen atom; and L is a divalent linkage group.]

(43) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of anyone of Items (13) to (17), wherein the compound represented by Formula(33) is represented by Formula (49).

[wherein, o and p each are an integer of 1-3; Ar₁ and Ar₂ each are anarylene group or a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group; Z₁, Z₂, Z₃ andZ₄ each are a 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring containing at leastone nitrogen atom; and L is a divalent linkage group.]

(44) The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of Item(6), wherein the light emission layer or a layer adjacent to theemission layer comprises the two kinds or more of phosphorescentcompounds.

(45) A display having the white light emitting organicelectroluminescent element of any one of Items (1) to (44).

(46) An illuminator having the white light emitting organicelectroluminescent element of any one of Items (1) to (44).

An organic EL element of the present invention has been able to achievean organic EL element exhibiting high emission luminance and highemission efficiency as well as having high CIE color purity of whiteemission by employing an constitution described in any one of aforesaiditems (1)-(7). Further, the present invention can also provide a displayand an illumination utilizing the aforesaid element.

In the following, details of each constituent element according to thepresent invention will be explained in succession.

<Green Light Emitting, Red Light Emitting and Blue Light Emitting OrthoMetalated Complex>

Green light emitting, red light emitting and blue light emitting orthometalated complexes according to the present invention each will now beexplained.

Green light emitting, red light emitting and blue light emitting orthometalated complexes according to the present invention each are aphosphorescent compound; a layer containing each ortho metalated complexmay be any layer of an organic EL element of the present invention,however, an emission layer and/or a positive hole blocking layer arepreferably utilized; and in the case of the complex being contained inan emission layer, it is possible to provide an organic EL element ofthe present invention with effects of improving emission luminance andemission efficiency in addition to increasing CIE color purity of whiteemission, by utilizing the aforesaid complex as an emission dopant inthe aforesaid emission layer.

<Green Light Emitting Ortho Metalated Complex>

A green light emitting ortho metal complex according to the presentinvention will now be explained.

A green light emitting ortho metal complex according to the presentinvention is a phosphorescent compound and has a spectral componentratio of said green light emitting ortho metal complex, which occupiesthe white emission spectral distribution of organic EL element of thepresent invention within a region of 400-800 nm, is not less than 60%,preferably not less than 70% and more preferably in a range of 70-85%.

The calculation method of a spectral component ratio according to thepresent invention will be detailed in examples described later, however,the wave forms were compared, utilizing a white emission spectrum curveobtained at the time of emission of an element and a green emissionspectrum curve obtained by measurement of an element sample which hadbeen separately prepared only from a green light emitting orthometalated complex alone, and the ratio of an emission spectral componentof a green light emitting ortho metalated complex in a white emissionspectral distribution was calculated.

A green light emitting ortho metal complex according to the presentinvention is an ortho metalated complex which has the emission maximumwavelength in a range of 500-570 nm and is comprised of a transitionmetal as the central metal, and not less than 70% of energy distributionof the emission spectral is preferably in a range of 500-570 nm.

Specifically, utilized can be those having the above-described emissioncharacteristics among ortho metalated complexes described in patentssuch as Japanese Translation of PCT International ApplicationPublication No. (hereinafter referred to as JT-PCT) 2003-526876, WO00/70655 pamphlet, JT-PCT 2002-525808, WO 01/41512 pamphlet, JT-PCT2004-506305 and WO 02/15645 pamphlet. As the central metal, transitionmetals belonging to the 8-10th groups of the periodic table arepreferable and Ir or Pt is specifically preferable.

Further, as a green light emitting ortho metalated complex according tothe present invention, specifically preferably utilized are complexesrepresented by following Formula (C) or (D).

In the formulas, X₁, Y₁, X₂ and Y₂ each are an oxygen atom or a nitrogenatom; X₁ and Y₁ together with Z₁, X₂ and Y₂ together with Z₂, each forma bidentate ligand. m and n are 0 or 1. β-diketones and salicylic acidderivatives are preferable as a ligand formed by X₁ and Y₁ together withZ1. Further, β-diketones, salicylic acid derivatives and picolinic acidderivatives are preferable as a ligand formed by X₂ and Y₂ together withZ₂.

R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ are a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and saidsubstituent includes, for example, an alkyl group (such as a methylgroup, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, a hydroxyethyl group, amethoxymethyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a t-butyl group, a pentylgroup, an octyl group, a nonyl group and a decyl group), a cycloalkylgroup (such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group), an aralkylgroup (such as a benzyl group and a 2-phenetyl group), an aromatichydrocarbon group (such as a phenyl group, a p-chlorophenyl group, amesityl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a biphenylyl group, anaphtyl group, an anthoryl group and a phenanthryl group), an aromaticheterocyclic group (such as a furyl group, a thienyl group, a pyridylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyradinyl group, atriazinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolylgroup, a quinazolynyl group, a carbazolyl group, a carbolinyl group, adiazacarbazolyl group (a diazacarbazolyl group refers to those in whichany one of carbon atoms constituting a carboline ring of said carbolinylgroup is substituted by a nitrogen atom) and a phthalazinyl group), analkoxyl group (such as an ethoxy group, an isopropoxy group and a butoxygroup), an aryloxy group (such as a phenoxy group and a naphthyloxygroup), a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, an alkenyl group (such as avinyl group), a styryl group, a halogen atom (such as a chlorine atom, abromine atom, an iodine atom and a fluorine atom). These groups may befurther substituted.

Among those described above, a preferable substituent includes an alkylgroup having a carbon number of 1-10, an alkoxyl group having a carbonnumber of 1-10 and a halogen atom.

In the following, preferable green light emitting ortho metalatedcomplexes are specifically exemplified; however, the present inventionis not limited thereto.

<Red Light Emitting Ortho Metalated Complex>

A red light emitting ortho metal complex according to the presentinvention is an ortho metalated complex, which is comprised of atransition metal as the central metal and has the maximum emissionwavelength in a range of 570-650 nm, and is preferably has the maximumemission wavelength of not shorter than 590 nm. Further, not less than70% of energy distribution of the emission spectrum is preferably in arange of not shorter than 580 nm. Specific examples of a red lightemitting ortho metalated complex according to a white light emittingorganic EL element of the present invention include the followingcompounds.

Further, as specific examples of a green light emitting ortho metalatedcomplex and a red light emitting ortho metalated complex according tothe present invention, compounds conventionally well known in the artcan be utilized and utilized can be compounds described in such as J.Am. Chem. Soc. Vol. 123, pp. 4304-4312 (2001), Inorganic Chemistry, vol.40 p. 1704 (2001), JP-A (hereinafter, JP-A refers to Japanese PatentPublication Open to Public Inspection No.) 2003-272861, JP-A2004-111193, Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2003-150762 and2003-150763, JP-A Nos. 2001-247859, 2001-181616, 2001-181617,2002-175884, 2002-332291, 2002-363552, 2002-332291, 2002-338588, WO00/70655 pamphlet, JP-A Nos. 2002-203678 and 2001-345183, WO 02/44189pamphlet, JP-A Nos. 2002-332292, 2003-059667, 2002-332292 and2002-252888. Further, combination use thereof is also possible.

<Blue Light Emitting Ortho Metalated Complex>

A blue light emitting ortho metalated complex according to the presentinvention is an ortho metalated complex which is comprised of atransition metal as the central metal and has the emission maximumwavelength in a range of 400-500 nm, and the shortest emission maximumwavelength is preferably not longer than 455 nm.

As a blue light emitting ortho metalated complex according to thepresent invention, complexes classified in seven types of embodimentsdescribed in any one of aforesaid items (4)-(10) are preferablyutilized. In the following, said seven types of embodiments areclassified into (a)-(h) and each thereof will be specifically explained.

EMBODIMENT (a)

The case of utilizing a complex, which is provided with at least onetype of partial structures represented by aforesaid Formulas (1)-(6) orat least one type of a tautomer of each partial structures representedby said Formulas (1)-(6) as a partial structure, as a blue lightemitting ortho metalated complex.

A layer containing a metal complex having a partial structure ofFormulas (1)-(6) or a tautomer of said Formulas (1)-(6) is preferably anemission layer and/or a positive hole blocking layer, and further, whenthe metal complex is contained in an emission layer, it is possible toachieve increase (higher luminance) of taking out quantum efficiency orelongation of the emission life, of an organic EL element of the presentinvention, by utilizing the complex as an emission dopant in an emissionlayer.

<Formula (1) or Tautomer of Said Formula (1)>

In Formula (1) or a tautomer of said Formula (1), an aromatichydrocarbon ring represented by Z₁₁ includes such as a benzene ring, abiphenyl ring, a naphthalene ring, an azulene ring, an anthrathene ring,a phenanthrene ring, a pyrene ring, a chrysene ring, a naphthacene ring,a triphenylene ring, a o-terphenyl ring, a m-terphenyl ring, ap-terphenyl ring, an acenaphthene ring, a coronene ring, a fluorenering, a fluoranthrene ring, a naphthacene ring, a pentacene ring, aperylene ring, a pentaphene ring, a picene ring, a pyrene ring, apyranthrene ring and an anthraathrene ring.

Preferably utilized among them is a benzene ring. Further, the aforesaidaromatic hydrocarbon ring may be provided with a substituent representedby each of R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃ in aforesaid Formula (1).

In Formula (1) or a tautomer of said Formula (1), an aromatichydrocarbon ring represented by Z₁₁ includes a furan ring, a thiophenering, a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyradinering, a triazine ring, a benzoimidazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, atriazole ring, an imidazole ring, a pyrazole ring, a thiazole ring, anindole ring, a benzoimidazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, a benzooxazolering, a quinoxaline ring, a quinazoline ring, a phthalazine ring, acarbazole ring, a carboline ring and a ring in which at least one ofcarbon atoms of a hydrocarbon ring constituting a carboline ring isfurther substituted by a nitrogen atom.

Preferable among them is a pyridine ring. Further, the aforesaidaromatic heterocyclic ring may be provided with a substituentrepresented by each of R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃ in aforesaid Formula (1).

In Formula (1) or a tautomer of said Formula (1), a substituentrepresented by each of R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃ includes, for example, an alkylgroup (such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, ahydroxyethyl group, a methoxymethyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, at-butyl group), a cycloalkyl group (such as a cyclopentyl group and acyclohexyl group), an aralkyl group (such as a benzyl group and a2-phenetyl group), an aromatic hydrocarbon group (such as a phenylgroup, a p-chlorophenyl group, a mesityl group, a tolyl group, a xylylgroup, a biphenylyl group, a naphtyl group, an anthoryl group and aphenanthryl group), an aromatic heterocyclic group (such as a furylgroup, a thienyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyridazinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyradinyl group, a triazinyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, a quinazolynyl group, acarbazolyl group, a carbolinyl group, a diazacarbazolyl group (adiazacarbazolyl group refers to those in which any one of carbon atomsconstituting a carboline ring of said carbolinyl group is substituted bya nitrogen atom) and a phthalazinyl group), an alkoxyl group (such as anethoxy group, an isopropoxy group and a butoxy group), an aryloxy group(such as a phenoxy group and a naphthyloxy group), a cyano group, ahydroxyl group, an alkenyl group (such as a vinyl group), a styrylgroup, a halogen atom (such as a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, aniodine atom and a fluorine atom). These groups may be further providedwith a substituent.

Among them, in the present invention, at least one of theabove-described groups represented by R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃ is preferably theabove-described aromatic hydrocarbon group or aromatic heterocyclicgroup.

In Formula (1) or a tautomer of said Formula (1), M₁₁ is a metal (may beeither a metal atom or an ion) belonging to the 8th-10th groups of theperiodic table, however, preferably utilized among them are platinum(Pt) and iridium (Ir). Further, in a metal complex having Formula (1) ora tautomer of said Formula (1) as a partial structure, M₁₁ may be eithera metal atom or an ion.

In the present invention, a metal complex is formed by forming acoordination bond between Formula (1) or a tautomer of said Formula (1)(also referred to as complex formation) and a central metal (also may bean ion) represented by M₁₁.

<Formula (2) or Tautomer of Said Formula (2)>

In Formula (2) or a tautomer of said Formula (2), an aromatichydrocarbon ring represented by Z₂₁ is identical with an aromatichydrocarbon ring represented by Z₁₁ in Formula (1) or a tautomer of saidFormula (1).

In Formula (2) or a tautomer of said Formula (2), an aromaticheterocyclic ring represented by Z₂₁ is identical with an aromaticheterocyclic ring represented by Z₁₁ in Formula (1) or a tautomer ofsaid Formula (1).

In Formula (2) or a tautomer of said Formula (2), a substituentrepresented by each of R₂₁, R₂₂ and R₂₃ is identical with a substituentrepresented by each of R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃ in Formula (1) or a tautomer ofsaid Formula (1).

In Formula (2) or a tautomer of said Formula (2), a metal (also may bean ion), which is represented by M₂₁ and belongs to the 8th-10th groupsof the periodic table, is identical with a metal (also may be an ion),which is represented by M₁₁ and belongs to the 8th-10th groups of theperiodic table, in Formula (1) or a tautomer of said Formula (1).

<Formula (3) or Tautomer of Said Formula (3)>

In Formula (3) or a tautomer of said Formula (3), an aromatichydrocarbon ring represented by Z₃₁ is identical with an aromatichydrocarbon ring represented by Z₁₁ in Formula (1) or a tautomer of saidFormula (1).

In Formula (3) or a tautomer of said Formula (3), an aromaticheterocyclic ring represented by Z₃₁ is identical with an aromaticheterocyclic ring represented by Z₁₁ in Formula (1) or a tautomer ofsaid Formula (1).

In Formula (3) or a tautomer of said Formula (3), a substituentrepresented by R₃ of —N(R₃), which is represented by each of X₃₁, X₃₂and X₃₃, is identical with a substituent represented by each of R₁₁, R₁₂and R₁₃ in Formula (1) or a tautomer of said Formula (1).

In Formula (3) or a tautomer of said Formula (3), a metal (also may bean ion), which is represented by M₃₁ and belongs to the 8th-10th groupsof the periodic table, is identical with a metal (also may be an ion),which is represented by M₁₁ and belongs to the 8th-10th groups of theperiodic table, in Formula (1) or a tautomer of said Formula (1).

<Formula (4) or Tautomer of Said Formula (4)>

In Formula (4) or a tautomer of said Formula (4), an aromaticheterocyclic ring represented by Z₄₁ is identical with an aromaticheterocyclic ring represented by Z₁₁ in Formula (1) or a tautomer ofsaid Formula (1).

In Formula (4) or a tautomer of said Formula (4), a substituentrepresented by each of X₄₁ X₄₂ and X₄₃ is identical with a substituentrepresented by each of R₁₁ R₁₂ and R₁₃ in Formula (1) or a tautomer ofsaid Formula (1).

In Formula (4) or a tautomer of said Formula (4), a metal (also may bean ion), which is represented by M₄₁ and belongs to the 8th-10th groupsof the periodic table, is identical with a metal (also may be an ion),which is represented by M₁₁ and belongs to the 8th-10th groups of theperiodic table, in Formula (1) or a tautomer of said Formula (1).

<Formula (5) or Tautomer of Said Formula (5)>

In Formula (5) or a tautomer of said Formula (5), an aromatichydrocarbon ring represented by Z₅₁ is identical with an aromatichydrocarbon ring represented by Z11 in Formula (1) or a tautomer of saidFormula (1).

In Formula (5) or a tautomer of said Formula (5), an aromaticheterocyclic ring represented by Z₅₁ is identical with an aromaticheterocyclic ring represented by Z11 in Formula (1) or a tautomer ofsaid Formula (1).

In Formula (5) or a tautomer of said Formula (5), a substituentrepresented by each of R₅₁ and R₅₂ is identical with a substituentrepresented by each of R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃ in Formula (1) or a tautomer ofsaid Formula (1).

In Formula (5) or a tautomer of said Formula (5), a metal (also may bean ion), which is represented by M₅₁ and belongs to the 8th-10th groupsof the periodic table, is identical with a metal (also may be an ion),which is represented by M₁₁ and belongs to the 8th-10th groups of theperiodic table, in Formula (1) or a tautomer of said Formula (1).

<Formula (6) or Tautomer of Said Formula (6)>

In Formula (6) or a tautomer of said Formula (6), an aromatichydrocarbon ring represented by Z₆₁ is identical with an aromatichydrocarbon ring represented by Z11 in Formula (1) or a tautomer of saidFormula (1).

In Formula (6) or a tautomer of said Formula (6), an aromaticheterocyclic ring represented by Z₆₁ is identical with an aromaticheterocyclic ring represented by Z₁₁ in Formula (1) or a tautomer ofsaid Formula (1).

In Formula (6) or a tautomer of said Formula (6), a metal (also may bean ion), which is represented by M₆₁ and belongs to the 8th-10th groupsof the periodic table, is identical with a metal (also may be an ion),which is represented by M₁₁ and belongs to the 8th-10th groups of theperiodic table, in Formula (1) or a tautomer of said Formula (1).

In the following, specific examples of a metal complex, which isprovided with aforesaid Formulas (1)-(6) or a tautomer of said Formulas(1)-(6) as a partial structure, will be shown, however the presentinvention is not limited thereto.

EMBODIMENT (b)

The case in which a platinum complex represented by aforesaid Formula(7) is utilized as a blue light emitting ortho metalated complex.

<Metal Complex Represented by Formula (7)>

A platinum complex represented by Formula (7) according to the presentinvention will now be explained.

In Formula (7), R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆ and R₇ are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, however, at least of them is necessarily a substituent.Even in the case that at least two of R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆ and R₇ aresubstituents, they never form a ring by bonding to each other. Further,Ra is a substituent, and Xa is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.

In Formula (7), a substituent represented by aforesaid Ra is notspecifically limited and includes an alkyl group (such as a methylgroup, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group and a tert-butyl group), acycloalkyl group (such as a cyclohexyl group, a cyclopentyl group and acyclopropyl group), an alkenyl group (such as a vinyl group, an allylgroup and a 2-butenyl group), an alkynyl group (such as an ethynyl groupand a propynyl group), an aryl group (such as a phenyl group, a2-naphthyl group, a 2-pyridyl group, a 2-thienyl group and a 3-furylgroup) and a heterocyclic group (a N-morpholyl group and a2-tetrahydrofuranyl group).

Among them, Ra is preferably an alkyl group having a carbon number of1-30, and Ra-Xa- is preferably an alkoxy group or an alkylthio group.

Further, a substituent represented by aforesaid R₁-R₇ includes, forexample, an alkyl group (such as a methyl group, an isopropyl group anda t-butyl group), a cycloalkyl group (such as a cyclopentyl group and acyclopropyl group), an alkenyl group (such as vinyl group, an allylgroup and a 2-butenyl group), an alkynyl group (such as ethynyl groupand a propynyl group), an aryl group (such as a phenyl group, a2-naphthyl group, a 9-phenanthryl group, a 2-pyridyl group, a mesitylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a fluorenyl group, a 2-thienyl group and a3-furyl group), a heterocyclic group (such as a N-morpholyl group and a2-tetrahydrofuranyl group), an amino group, an alkylamino group (such asdimethylamino group and a diphenylamino group), a halogen atom (such asa fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom), analkoxy group (such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group and an isopropoxygroup), an aryloxy group (such as a phenoxy group and a perfluorophenoxygroup), an acylamino group (such as an acetamido group and abenzoylamido group), a sulfonamido group (such as a methanesulfonamidogroup, a butanesulfonamido group and a benzenesulfonamido group), acarboalkoxy group (such as a carboethoxy group), an aryloxy carbonylgroup (such as a phenoxy carbonyl group), an acyloxy group (such as anacetoxy group and a benzoyloxy group), an alkylthio group (such as amethylthio group), a cyano group and a fluorohydrocarbon group (such asa trifluoromethyl group and a pentafluorophenyl group).

In Formula (7), Y₁-L₂-Y₂ is a bidentate ligand; Y₁ and Y₂ eachindependently are an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a carbon atom or asulfur atom; and L₁ together with Y₁ and Y₂ is an atomic group necessaryto form a bidentate ligand.

Specific examples of a bidentate ligand represented by Y₁-L₂-Y₂ are notspecifically limited; however, are preferably derivatives of such asphenylpyridine, acetic acid, acetyl acetone, a thiocarbamic acidderivative, 2-acylphenol and picolinic acid, which may be provided witha substituent.

Further, as at least one substituent, which is preferably introduced at3p-6p positions of the aforesaid structure together with such as theaforesaid alkoxy group and alkylthio group and not to form a ring bybonding to each other, is a group represented by R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₂ inFormula (7), and at least one of the substituents represented by R₁-R₄is preferably an electron donating substituent. Further, more preferableare the case in which at least two types are electron donatingsubstituents.

Further, most preferable is the case, in which R₂ and R₄ in Formula (7)are electron donating substituents.

As an electron donating substituent among the aforesaid groups includesan alkyl group, an alkoxy group and an alkylamino group.

Next, preferable as these substituents are a halogen atom and morepreferably a fluorine atom among them. It is considered that since afluorine atom has a π doner property, it may work like an electrondoner, the effect of which can provide preferable element abilities.

In the following, with respect to a platinum complex represented byaforesaid Formula (7) utilized in the present invention, specificexamples will be listed, however, the present invention is not limitedthereto.

EMBODIMENT (c)

The case in which a platinum complex represented by each of aforesaidFormulas (8) and (9) as a blue light emitting ortho metalated complex.

<Metal Complex Represented by Formula (8)>

A metal complex represented by aforesaid Formula (8) according to thepresent invention will now be explained.

In Formula (8), A, B and C are a hydrogen atom or a substituent,however, at least two of them are represented by aforesaid Formula (2)and may be different from each other. A substituent represented by A, Band C is not specifically limited and preferably includes an alkyl group(such as a methyl group, an isopropyl group and a tert-butyl group), acycloalkyl group (such as cyclohexyl group, a cyclopentyl group and acyclopropyl group), an alkenyl group (such as vinyl group, an allylgroup, a 2-butenyl group), an alkynyl group (such as an ethynyl groupand a propynyl group), an aryl group (such as a phenyl group, a2-naphthyl group, a 9-phenanthryl group, a 2-pyridyl group, a 2-thienylgroup, a 3-furyl group, a mesityl group, a carbazolyl group and afluorenyl group), a heterocyclic group (such as a N-morpholyl group anda 2-tetrahydrofuranyl group), an amino group (such as a dimethylaminogroup and a diphenylamino group), a halogen atom (such as chlorine atom,a bromine atom and iodine atom), an alkoxy group (a methoxy group, anethoxy group and an isopropoxy group), an aryloxy group (such as aphenoxy group, perfluorophenoxy group), an alkylthio group (such asmethylthio group, an ethylthio group, a propylthio group, a pentylthiogroup, a hexylthio group, an octylthio group and dodecylthio group), anarylthio group (such as a phenylthio group and a naphthylthio group), acyano group, a fluorohydrocarbon group (such as a trifluoromethyl groupand a pentafluorophenyl group), a cyano group, a fluororhydrocarbongroup (such as trifluoromethyl group, pentafluorophenyl group), a silylgroup (such as a triphenylsylyl and trimethylsilyl). Specificallypreferable among them are an amino group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxygroup, an aryl group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group and an arylgroup. Most preferable are an amino group, an alkoxy group and analkylthio group.

In Formula (8), R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄ and R₅ are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent. Substituents represented by R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄ and R₅ areidentical with those explained above as substituents represented by A, Band C.

In Formula (8), M₁ is an element belonging to the 8th, 9th or 10th groupof the periodic table. Elements belonging to the 8th, 9th or 10th groupof the periodic table are preferably ruthenium, rhodium, palladium,osmium, iridium and platinum and most preferably iridium and platinum.

In Formula (2), Ra is a substituent. The substituents represented by Raare identical with those explained as substituents represented byaforesaid A, B and C. Specifically preferable among them is an alkylgroup.

In Formula (8), Xa is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a nitrogen atom.na is 1 or 2.

In Formula (8), the case, in which all of A, B and C are Formula (2), ismost preferred.

In Formula (8), when two of A, B, and C are Formula (2), the case, inwhich Formula (2) substitutes at 4 and 6p positions, is most preferable,and the case, in which Formula (2) substitutes at 4 and 4p positions, ispreferable.

<Metal Complex Represented by Formula (9)>

A metal complex represented by Formula (9) according to the presentinvention will now be explained.

In Formula (9), Rb, Rc and Rd are a substituent, and the substituentsrepresented by Rb, Rc and Rd are identical with those explained assubstituents represented by A, B and C in aforesaid Formula (8).Substituents of Ra, Rc and Rd are preferably an alkyl group.

In Formula (9), Xb, Xc and Xd are an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or anitrogen atom. The combination of Xb, Xc and Xd is preferably (1) Xd isa nitrogen atom, and Xb and Xc are an oxygen atom; (2) Xd is a sulfuratom, and Xb and Xc are an oxygen atom; or (3) Xb, Xc and Xd are anoxygen atom.

In Formula (9), nb, nc and nd are 1 or 2.

In Formula (9), R₆, R₇, R₈, R₉ and R₁₀ are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent. The substituent represented by R₆, R₇, R₈, R₉ and R₁₀ areidentical with those explained as substituent represented by A, B and Cin aforesaid Formula (8).

In formula (9), M₂ is an element belonging to the 8th, 9th or 10th groupof the periodic table. Elements belonging to the 8th, 9th or 10th groupof the periodic table are preferably ruthenium, rhodium, palladium,osmium, iridium and platinum and most preferably iridium and platinum.

In the following, specific examples of complexes represented by Formula(8) or (9) will be listed; however, the present invention is not limitedthereto.

EMBODIMENT (d)

The case in which a metal complex having a ligand represented byaforesaid Formula (10), a metal complex having a partial structurerepresented by following Formula (11) or (12), or a metal complex havinga tautomer of each partial structure represented by said Formula (11) or(12) is utilized as a blue light emitting ortho metalated complex.

<Metal Complex Having Ligand Represented by Formula (10)>

A metal complex having a ligand represented by Formula (10) will now beexplained.

First, a ligand represented by Formula (10) will be explained.

In Formula (10), an aromatic hydrocarbon ring which is formed by each ofZ₁ together with C₁, X₁ and X₃, Z₂ together with C₂, X₂ and X₄, includessuch as a benzene ring, a biphenyl ring, a naphthalene ring, an azulenering, an anthrathene ring, a phenanthrene ring, a pyrene ring, achrisene ring, a naphthacene ring, a triphenylene ring, an o-terphenylring, a m-terphenyl ring, a p-terphenyl ring, an acenaphtene ring, acoronene ring, a fluorene ring, a fluoranthrene ring, a naphthacenering, a pentacene ring, a perylene ring, a pentaphene ring, a picenering, a pyrene ring, a pyranthrene ring and an anthraathrene ring.

Preferably utilized among them is a benzene ring. Further, the aforesaidaromatic hydrocarbon ring may be provided with a substituent representedby R₁ in aforesaid Formula (10), which will be described later.

In Formula (10), an aromatic heterocyclic ring, which is formed by eachof Z₁ together with C₁, X₁ and X₃, and Z₂ together with C₂, X₂ and X₄includes such as a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a pyridine ring, apyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazine ring, a triazine ring, abenzoimidazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, a triazole ring, an imidazolering, a pyrazole ring, a thiazole ring, an indole ring, a benzoimidazolering, a benzothiazole ring, a benzooxazole ring, a quinoxaline ring, aquinazoline ring, a phthalazine ring, a carbazole ring, a carboline ringand a ring in which at least one of carbon atoms of a hydrocarbon ring,which constitutes a carboline ring, is substituted by a nitrogen atom.

Preferable among them is a pyridine ring. Further, the aforesaidaromatic heterocyclic ring may be provided with a substituentrepresented by R₁ in aforesaid Formula (10), which will be describedlater.

In Formula (10), a substituent represented by R₁ includes, for example,an alkyl group (such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropylgroup, a hydroxyethyl group, a methoxymethyl group, a trifluoromethylgroup and a t-butyl group), a cycloalkyl group (such as a cyclopentylgroup and a cyclohexyl group), an aralkyl group (such as a benzyl groupand a 2-phenetyl group), an aromatic hydrocarbon group (such as a phenylgroup, a p-chlorophenyl group, a mesityl group, a tolyl group, a xylylgroup, a biphenylyl group, a naphtyl group, an anthoryl group and aphenanthryl group), an aromatic heterocyclic group (such as a furylgroup, a thienyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyridazinyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl, a pyradinyl group, a triazinyl group, animidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, a quinazolynylgroup, a carbazolyl group and a phthalazinyl), an alkoxyl group (such asa methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an isopropoxy group and a butoxygroup), an aryloxy group (such as a phenoxy group and a naphthyloxygroup), a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, an alkenyl group (such as avinyl group), a styryl group, a halogen atom (such as a chlorine atom, abromine atom, an iodine atom and a fluorine atom). These groups may befurther substituted.

Among them, in the present invention, at least one of groups representedby aforesaid R₁ is preferably the above-described aromatic hydrocarbongroup or aromatic heterocyclic group.

A coordination bond is formed (also referred to as complex formation)between a ligand represented by Formula (10) and a central metal (may beeither a metal or an ion) resulting in formation of a metal complex.

Herein, when a coordination bond is formed between the aforesaid ligandand a central metal (which will be described later), a coordination bondor a covalent bond is preferably formed with X₃ and/or X₄ among atomswhich constitute a ligand represented by aforesaid Formula (10).

<Metal Complex Having Formula (11) or Tautomer Thereof as PartialStructure>

A metal complex according to the present invention, which is providedwith Formula (11) or a tautomer thereof as a partial structure, will nowbe explained.

In Formula (11), an aromatic hydrocarbon ring formed by Z₃ together withC₃, C₄ and C₅ is identical with an aromatic hydrocarbon ring formed byZ₁ together with C₁, X₁ and X₃ in Formula (10).

In Formula (11), an aromatic heterocyclic ring formed by Z₃ togetherwith C₃, C₄ and C₅ is identical with an aromatic hydrocarbon ring formedby Z₁ together with C₁, X₁ and X₃ in Formula (10).

In Formula (11), an aromatic heterocyclic ring, which is formed by Z₄together with C₆, C₇ and N includes such as a pyridine ring, apyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazine ring, a triazine ring, abenzoimidazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, a triazole ring, an imidazolering, a pyrazole ring, a thiazole ring, an indole ring, a benzoimidazolering, a benzothiazole ring, a benzooxazole ring, a quinoxaline ring, aquinazoline ring, a phthalazine ring, a carbazole ring and a ring inwhich at least one of carbon atoms of hydrocarbon rings, whichconstitutes a carboline ring, is further substituted by a nitrogen atom.Further, the aforesaid aromatic heterocyclic ring may be provided with asubstituent represented by R₁ in aforesaid Formula (10).

In Formula (11), a substituent represented by R₂ is identical with asubstituent represented by R₁ in aforesaid Formula (10).

In Formula (11), an element represented by M₁₁ belonging to the 8th-10thgroups of the periodic table is preferably such as platinum (Pt) andiridium (Ir). Further, in Formula (11), M₁₁ may be either a metal or anion.

<Metal Complex Having Formula (12) or Tautomer Thereof as PartialStructure>

A metal complex, according to the present invention, which is providedwith Formula (12) or a tautomer thereof as a partial structure, will nowbe explained.

In Formula (12), a substituent represented by R₃ is identical with asubstituent represented by R₁ in aforesaid Formula (10).

In Formula (12), a substituent represented by R₄ and R₅ is identicalwith a substituent represented by R₁ in aforesaid Formula (10).

In Formula (12), an element represented by M₁₂ belonging to the 8th-10thgroups of the periodic table is preferably such as platinum (Pt) andiridium (Ir). Further, in Formula (12), M₁₂ may be either a metal or anion.

In the following, specific examples of a metal complex having a ligandrepresented by Formula (10), a metal complex having a partial structurerepresented by aforesaid Formula (11) or (12), or a metal complex havinga tautomer of each partial structure represented by said Formula (11) or(12) will be listed, however, the present invention is not limitedthereto.

EMBODIMENT (e)

The case in which a metal complex having a ligand represented byfollowing Formula (13), a metal complex having a partial structurerepresented by following Formula (14), a metal complex having a partialstructure represented by following Formula (15) or a tautomer thereof asa partial structure, a metal complex having a ligand represented byfollowing Formula (16), a metal complex having a partial structurerepresented by following Formula (17), or a metal complex having apartial structure represented by following Formula (18) is utilized as ablue light emitting ortho metalated complex.

<Metal Complex Having Ligand Represented by Formula (13)>

A metal complex having a ligand represented by Formula (13) will now beexplained.

First, a ligand represented by Formula (13) will be explained.

In Formula (13), an aromatic hydrocarbon ring which is formed by Z₁together with C₁, X₁ and X₃ includes such as a benzene ring, a biphenylring, a naphthalene ring, an azulene ring, an anthrathene ring, aphenanthrene ring, a pyrene ring, a chrisene ring, a naphthacene ring, atriphenylene ring, an o-terphenyl ring, a m-terphenyl ring, ap-terphenyl ring, an acenaphtene ring, a coronene ring, a fluorene ring,a fluoranthrene ring, a naphthacene ring, a pentacene ring, a perylenering, a pentaphene ring, a picene ring, a pyrene ring, a pyranthrenering and an anthraathrene ring.

Preferably utilized among them is a benzene ring. Further, the aforesaidaromatic hydrocarbon ring may be provided with a substituent representedby each of R₁ and R₂ in aforesaid Formula (13), which will be describedlater.

In Formula (13), an aromatic heterocyclic ring, which is formed by Z₁together with C₁, X₁ and X₃ includes such as a furan ring, a thiophenering, a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazinering, a triazine ring, a benzoimidazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, atriazole ring, an imidazole ring, a pyrazole ring, a thiazole ring, anindole ring, a benzothiazole ring, a benzooxazole ring, a quinoxalinering, a quinazoline ring, a phthalazine ring, a carbazole ring, acarboline ring, a ring in which at least one of carbon atoms of ahydrocarbon ring, which constitutes a carboline ring, is substituted bya nitrogen atom.

Preferable among them is a pyridine ring. Further, the aforesaidaromatic heterocyclic ring may be provided with a substituentrepresented by each of R₁ and R₂ in aforesaid Formula (13), which willbe described later.

In Formula (13), a substituent each independently represented by R₁ andR₂ includes, for example, an alkyl group (such as a methyl group, anethyl group, an isopropyl group, a hydroxyethyl group, a methoxymethylgroup, a trifluoromethyl group and a t-butyl group), a cycloalkyl group(such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group), an aralkyl group(such as a benzyl group and a 2-phenetyl group), an aromatic hydrocarbongroup (such as a phenyl group, a p-chlorophenyl group, a mesityl group,a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a biphenylyl group, a naphtyl group, ananthoryl group and a phenanthryl group), an aromatic heterocyclic group(such as a furyl group, a thienyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyradinyl group, a triazinyl group, animidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, a quinazolynylgroup, a carbazolyl group and a phthalazinyl), an alkoxyl group (such asa methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an isopropoxy group and a butoxygroup), an aryloxy group (such as a phenoxy group and a naphthyloxygroup), a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, an alkenyl group (such as avinyl group), a styryl group, a halogen atom (such as a chlorine atom, abromine atom, an iodine atom and a fluorine atom). These groups may befurther substituted.

Among them, in the present invention, at least one of groups representedby aforesaid R₁ and R₂ is preferably the above-described aromatichydrocarbon group or aromatic heterocyclic group.

A coordination bond is formed (also referred to as complex formation)between a ligand represented by Formula (13) and a central metal (may beeither a metal or an ion) resulting in formation of a metal complex.

Herein, when a coordination bond is formed between the aforesaid ligandand a cetral metal (which will be described later), a coordination bondor a covalent bond is preferably formed with X₃ and/or X₄ among atomswhich constitute a ligand represented by aforesaid Formula (13).

<Metal Complex Having Partial Structure Represented by Formula (14)>

A metal complex provided with a partial structure represented by Formula(14) according to the present invention will now be explained.

In Formula (14), an aromatic hydrocarbon ring formed by Z₃ together withC₅, C₃ and C₇ is identical with an aromatic hydrocarbon ring formed byZ₁ together with C₁, X₁ and X₃ in Formula (13).

In Formula (14), an aromatic heterocyclic ring formed by Z₃ togetherwith C₅, C₃ and C₇ is identical with an aromatic hydrocarbon ring formedby Z₁ together with C₁, X₁ and X₃ in Formula (13).

In Formula (14), an aromatic heterocyclic ring, which is formed by Z₄together with C₆, C₄ and N includes such as a pyridine ring, apyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazine ring, a triazine ring, abenzoimidazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, a triazole ring, an imidazolering, a pyrazole ring, a thiazole ring, an indole ring, a benzothiazolering, a benzooxazole ring, a quinoxaline ring, a quinazoline ring, aphthalazine ring, a carbazole ring, a carboline ring and a rings inwhich at least one of carbon atoms of a hydrocarbon ring constituting acarboline ring is substituted by a nitrogen atom. Further, the aforesaidaromatic heterocyclic ring may be provided with a substituentrepresented by each of R₁ and R₂ in aforesaid Formula (13).

In Formula (14), a substituent each independently represented by R₃ andR₄ is identical with a substituent each independently represented by R₁and R₂ in aforesaid Formula (13).

In Formula (14), M₁₁ is an element of the VIII group belonging to the8th-10th groups of the periodic table, and preferably utilized areplatinum (Pt) and iridium (Ir). Further, in Formula (14), M₁₁ may beeither a metal or an ion.

<Metal Complex Having Formula (15) or Tautomer Thereof as PartialStructure>

A metal complex according to the present invention, which is providedwith Formula (15) or a tautomer thereof as a partial structure, will nowbe explained.

In Formula (15), a substituent each independently represented by R₅ andR₆ is identical with a substituent each independently represented by R₁and R₂ in aforesaid Formula (13).

In Formula (15), at least one of substituents represented by R₅ and R₆is an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group.

In Formula (15), an element represented by M₁₂ belonging to the 8th-10thgroups of the periodic table is identical with an element represented byM₁₁ belonging to the 8th-10th groups of the periodic table in Formula(14).

<Metal Complex Having Ligand Represented by Formula (16)>

A metal complex having a ligand represented by Formula (16) will now beexplained.

In Formula (16), an aromatic hydrocarbon ring each independently formedby Z₅ together with C₈, X₃ and X₅, Z₆ together with C₉, X₄ and X₆, Z₇together with C₁₀ and C₁₁, and Z₈ together with C₁₂ and C₁₃, isidentical with an aromatic hydrocarbon ring formed by Z₁ together withC₁, X₁ and X₃ in aforesaid Formula (13).

In Formula (16), an aromatic heterocyclic ring independently each formedby Z₅ together with C₈, X₃ and X₅, Z₆ together with C₉, X₄ and X₆, Z₇together with C₁₀ and C₁₁, and Z₈ together with C₁₂ and C₁₃, isidentical with an aromatic heterocyclic ring formed by Z₁ together withC₁, X₁ and X₃ in aforesaid Formula (13).

<Metal Complex Having Partial Structure Represented by Formula (17)>

A metal complex having a partial structure represented by Formula (17)will now be explained.

In Formula (17), an aromatic hydrocarbon ring each independently formedby Z₉ together with C₁₆, C₁₄ and C₁₈, Z₁₁ together with C₁₉ and C₂₀, andZ₁₂ together with C₂₁ and C₂₂, is identical with an aromatic hydrocarbonring formed by Z₁ together with C₁, X₁ and X₃ in aforesaid Formula (13).

In Formula (17), an aromatic heterocyclic ring each independently formedby Z₉ together with C₁₆, C₁₄ and C₁₈, Z11 together with C₁₉ and C₂₀, andZ₁₂ together with C₂₁ and C₂₂, is identical with an aromaticheterocyclic ring formed by Z₁ together with C₁, X₁ and X₃ in aforesaidFormula (13).

In Formula (17), an aromatic heterocyclic ring formed by Z₁₀ togetherwith C₁₇, C₁₅ and N is identical with an aromatic heterocyclic ringformed by Z₄ together with C₆, C₄ and N in Formula (14).

In Formula (17), an element represented by M₂₁ belonging to the 8th-10thgroups of the periodic table is identical with an element represented byM₁₁ belonging to the 8th-10th groups of the periodic table in Formula(14).

<Metal Complex Having Partial Structure Represented by Formula (18)>

A metal complex having a partial structure represented by Formula (18)will now be explained.

In Formula (18), an aromatic hydrocarbon ring each formed by Z₁₃together with C₂₃ and C₂₄, and Z₁₄ together with C₂₅ and C₂₆, isidentical with an aromatic hydrocarbon ring formed by Z₁ together withC₁, X₁ and X₃ in aforesaid Formula (13).

In Formula (18), an aromatic hydrocarbon ring each independently formedby Z₁₃ together with C₂₃ and C₂₄, and Z14 together with C₂₅ and C₂₆, isidentical with an aromatic hydrocarbon ring formed by Z₁ together withC₁, X₁ and X₃ in aforesaid Formula (13).

In Formula (18), a substituent each independently represented by R₉ andR₁₀ is identical with a substituent each independently represented by R₁and R₂ in aforesaid Formula (13).

In Formula (18), an element represented by M₂₂ belonging to the 8th-10thgroups of the periodic table is identical with an element represented byM₁₁ belonging to the 8th-10th groups of the periodic table in Formula(14).

In the following, specific examples of a metal complex having a ligandrepresented by Formula (13), a metal complex having a partial structurerepresented by Formula (14), a metal complex having a partial structurerepresented by Formula (15) or a tautomer thereof as a partialstructure, a metal complex having a ligand represented by Formula (16),a metal complex having a partial structure represented by Formula (17),or a metal complex having a partial structure represented by Formula(18) will be listed, however, the present invention is not limitedthereto.

EMBODIMENT (f)

The case in which at least one type of a platinum complex selected froma group comprised of following Formula (19)-(27) as the aforesaid bluelight emitting ortho metalated complex.

<Platinum Complex Represented by Formula (19)>

A platinum complex represented by Formula (19) according to the presentinvention will now be explained. In the present invention, thoserepresented by a tautomer of said Formula (19) are also included.

In Formula (19), a substituent each independently represented by R₁ andR₂ includes, for example, an alkyl group (such as a methyl group, anethyl group, an isopropyl group, a hydroxyethyl group, a methoxymethylgroup, a trifluoromethyl group and a t-butyl group), a cycloalkyl group(such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group), an aralkyl group(such as a benzyl group and a 2-phenetyl group), an aryl group (such asa phenyl group, a p-chlorophenyl group, a mesityl group, a tolyl group,a xylyl group, a biphenylyl group, a naphtyl group, an anthoryl groupand a phenanthryl group), an aromatic heterocyclic group (such as afuryl group, a thienyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyridazinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyradinyl group, a triazinyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, a quinazolynyl group, acarbazolyl group and a phthalazinyl), an alkoxyl group (such as amethoxy group, an ethoxy group, an isopropoxy group and a butoxy group),an aryloxy group (such as a phenoxy group and a naphthyloxy group), acyano group, a hydroxyl group, an alkenyl group (such as a vinyl group),a styryl group, a halogen atom (such as a chlorine atom, a bromine atom,an iodine atom and a fluorine atom). These groups may be furthersubstituted.

In Formula (19), an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring includes, for example, a benzene ring, a naphthalenering, a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazinering, a triadine ring, a furan ring, a thiophen ring, a pyrol ring, animidazole ring, a pyrazole ring, a triazole ring and a tetrazole ring.Preferable among them is a benzene ring.

In Formula (19), an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring formed by Z₄ together with C₆, C₄ and N includes suchas a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazinering, a triazine ring, a benzoimidazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, abenzooxazole ring, a quinazoline ring and a phthalazine ring. Preferableamong them is a pyridine ring.

In Formula (19), n1 is an integer of 1 or 2, and L1 is a bidentateligand when n1 is 1. A bidentate ligand represented by L1 includes suchas oxycarboxylic acid, oxyaldehyde and derivatives thereof (such assalicic aldehyde and oxyacetophenonato), a dioxy compound (such asbiphenolato), diketones (such as acetylacetonato, dibenzoylmethanate,diethylmalonato and ethylacetoacetato), oxyquinones (such aspyromeconato, oxynaphtoqunonato and oxyanthraquinonato), tropolones(such as troponato and hinokitiolato), an N-oxide compound,aminocarboxylic acid and the similar compounds (such as glycinato,alaninato, anthranilato and picolinato), hydroxylamines (such asaminophenolato, ethanolaminato and mercaptoethylaminato), oxines (suchas 8-oxyquinolinato), aldimines (such as salicylaldiminato), oxyoximes(such as benzoinoximato and salicylaldoximato), an oxyazo compound (suchas oxyazobenzonato and phenylazonaphtholato), nitrosonaphthols (such asβ-nitrosa-α-naphtholato), triazenes (such as diazoaminobenzento),biurets (such as biuretato and a polypeptide group), formazenes andditizones (such as diphenylcarbazonato and diphenylthiocarbazonato),biguanides (such as biguanidato) and glyoximes (such asdimethylglyoximato).

In the following, Formulas and specific examples of a bidentate ligandpreferably utilized in the present invention will be listed; however,the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the Formulas of bidentate ligands described above, Ra-Rv each are analkyl group (for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropylgroup, a hydroxyethyl group, a methoxymethyl group, a trifluoromethylgroup and a t-butyl group) or a alkyl halogenide group (for example, theaforesaid alkyl groups, at least one of hydrogen atoms of which issubstituted by such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atomor a iodine atom).

In the Formulas of bidentate ligands described above, Ara-Arc are anaryl group (such as a phenyl group, a p-chlorophenyl group, a mesitylgroup, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a biphenyl group, a naphthyl group,an anthoryl group and phenanthoryl group) or an aromatic heterocyclicgroup (such as a furyl group, a thienyl group, a pyridyl group, apyridazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyradinyl group, a triazinylgroup, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, aquinazolynyl group, a carbazolyl group, a carbolinyl group, adiazacarbazolyl group (a diazacarbazolyl group refers to the aforesaidcarbolinyl group, any one of carbon atoms constituting a carboline ringof which is substituted by a nitrogen atom) and a phthalazinyl group).

<Platinum Complex Represented by Formula (20)>

A platinum complex represented by Formula (20) according to the presentinvention will now be explained.

In Formula (20), a substituent represented by each of R₃ and R₄ isidentical with a substituent represented by each of R₁ and R₂ inaforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (20), a bidentate ligand represented by L2 is identical witha bidentate ligand represented by L1 in aforesaid Formula (19).

<Platinum Complex Represented by Formula (21)>

A platinum complex represented by Formula (21) according to the presentinvention will now be explained.

In Formula (21), a substituent represented by each of R₅ and R₆ isidentical with a substituent represented by each of R₁ and R₂ inaforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (21), a bidentate ligand represented by L3 is identical witha bidentate ligand represented by L1 in aforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (21), an aromatic hydrocarbon ring formed by Z₃ together withC (a carbon atom) includes such as a benzene ring, a biphenyl ring, anaphthalene ring, an azulene ring, an anthrathene ring, a phenanthrenering, a pyrene ring, a chrisene ring, a naphthacene ring, a triphenylenering, an o-terphenyl ring, a m-terphenyl ring, a p-terphenyl ring, anacenaphtene ring, a coronene ring, a fluorene ring, a fluoranthrenering, a naphthacene ring, a pentacene ring, a perylene ring, apentaphene ring, a picene ring, a pyrene ring, a pyranthrene ring and ananthraathrene ring. Further, the aforesaid aromatic hydrocarbon ring maybe provided with a substituent represented by each of R₁ and R₂ inaforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (21), an aromatic heterocyclic ring formed by Z₃ togetherwith C (a carbon atom) includes such as a furan ring, a thiophene ring,a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazine ring,a triazine ring, a benzoimidazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, a triazolering, an imidazole ring, a pyrazole ring, a thiazole ring, an indolering, a benzoimidazole, a benzothiazole ring, a benzooxazole ring, aquinoxaline ring, a quinazoline ring, a phthalazine ring, a carbazolering, a carboline ring and a ring in which at least one of carbon atomsof hydrocarbon ring constituting a carboline ring is substituted by anitrogen atom. Further, the aforesaid aromatic heterocyclic ring may beprovided with a substituent represented by each of R₁ and R₂ inaforesaid Formula (19).

<Platinum Complex Represented by Formula (22)>

A platinum complex represented by Formula (22) according to the presentinvention will now be explained.

In Formula (22), a substituent represented by each of R₇-R₁₃ isidentical with a substituent represented by each of R₁ and R₂ inaforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (22), a bidentate ligand represented by L4 is identical witha bidentate ligand represented by L1 in aforesaid Formula (19).

<Platinum Complex Represented by Formula (23)>

A platinum complex represented by Formula (23) according to the presentinvention will now be explained.

In Formula (23), a substituent represented by each of R₁₄ and R₁₅ isidentical with a substituent represented by each of R₁ and R₂ inaforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (23), a bidentate ligand represented by L5 is identical witha bidentate ligand represented by L1 in aforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (23), an aromatic hydrocarbon ring formed by Z₄ together withC (a carbon atom) is identical with an aromatic hydrocarbon ring formedby Z₃ together with C (a carbon atom) in aforesaid Formula (21).

In Formula (23), an aromatic heterocyclic ring formed by Z₄ togetherwith C (a carbon atom) is identical with an aromatic heterocyclic ringformed by Z₃ together with C (a carbon atom) in aforesaid Formula (21).

<Platinum Complex Represented by Formula (24)>

A platinum complex represented by Formula (24) according to the presentinvention will now be explained.

In Formula (24), a substituent represented by each of R₁₆-R₂₂ isidentical with a substituent represented by each of R₁ and R₂ inaforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (23), a bidentate ligand represented by L6 is identical witha bidentate ligand represented by L1 in aforesaid Formula (19).

<Platinum Complex Represented by Formula (25)>

A platinum complex represented by Formula (25) according to the presentinvention will now be explained.

In Formula (25), a substituent represented by each of R₂₃ and R₂₄ isidentical with a substituent represented by each of R₁ and R₂ inaforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (25), a bidentate ligand represented by L7 is identical witha bidentate ligand represented by L1 in aforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (25), an aromatic heterocyclic ring, which is formed by eachof Z₅ together with N includes such as a pyridine ring, a pyridazinering, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazine ring, a triazine ring, abenzoimidazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, a triazole ring, an imidazolering, a pyrazole ring, a thiazole ring, an indole ring, abenzoimidazole, a benzothiazole ring, a benzooxazole ring, a quinoxalinering, a quinazoline ring, a phthalazine ring, a carbazole ring, acarboline ring and a ring in which at least one of carbon atoms ofhydrocarbon ring constituting a carboline ring is substituted by anitrogen atom. Further, the aforesaid aromatic heterocyclic ring may beprovided with a substituent represented by each of R₁ and R₂ inaforesaid Formula (19).

<Platinum Complex Represented by Formula (26)>

A platinum complex represented by Formula (26) according to the presentinvention will now be explained.

In Formula (26), a substituent represented by each of R₂₅ and R₂₆ isidentical with a substituent represented by each of R₁ and R₂ inaforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (26), a bidentate ligand represented by L8 is identical witha bidentate ligand represented by L1 in aforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (26), an aromatic heterocyclic ring, which is formed by eachof Z₆ together with N includes such as a pyridine ring, a pyridazinering, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazine ring, a triazine ring, abenzoimidazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, a triazole ring, an imidazolering, a pyrazole ring, a thiazole ring, an indole ring, abenzoimidazole, a benzothiazole ring, a benzooxazole ring, a quinoxalinering, a quinazoline ring, a phthalazine ring, a carbazole ring, acarboline ring and a ring in which at least one of carbon atoms ofhydrocarbon ring constituting a carboline ring is substituted by anitrogen atom. Further, the aforesaid aromatic heterocyclic ring may beprovided with a substituent represented by each of R₁ and R₂ inaforesaid Formula (19).

<Platinum Complex Represented by Formula (27)>

A platinum complex represented by Formula (27) according to the presentinvention will now be explained.

In Formula (27), a substituent represented by each of R₂₇ and R₂₈ isidentical with a substituent represented by each of R₁ and R₂ inaforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (27), a bidentate ligand represented by L9 is identical witha bidentate ligand represented by L1 in aforesaid Formula (19).

In Formula (27), a 5-membered or 6-membered ring formed by Z₇ isidentical with a 5-membered or 6-membered ring formed by Z₁ in Formula(19).

In Formula (27), a 5-membered or 6-membered ring formed by Z₈ isidentical with a 5-membered or 6-membered ring formed by Z₂ in Formula(19).

In Formula (27), as a divalent connecting group represented by L0,utilized can be a group containing a hetero atom (for example, adivalent group containing a chalcogen atom such as —O— and —S—, and—N(R)— group, wherein R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group and saidalkyl group is an alkyl group described as a substituent represented byeach of R₁ and R₂ in aforesaid Formula (19)) in addition to ahydrocarbon group such as an alkylene group (such as an ethylene group,a trimethilene group, a tetramethylene group, a propylene group, anethylethylene group, a pentaethylene group, a hexamethylene group,2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene group, a heptamethylene group, anoctamethylene group, a nonamethylene group, a decamethylene group, anundecamethylene group, a dodecamethylene group, a cyclohexylene group(such as 1,6-cyclohexanediyl group), a cyclopentylene group (such as1,5-cyclopentanediyl group)), an alkenylene group (such as a vinylenegroup and a propenylene group), an alkynylene group (such as anethylenylene group and a 3-pentynylene group) and an arylene group.

In the following, specific examples of a platinum complex compoundutilized as an organic EL element material of the present invention willbe listed; however, the present invention is not limited thereto.Herein, in specific examples listed below, each surrounding of an arylgroup incapable of free rotation or an aromatic heterocyclic groupincapable of free rotation is indicated by a dotted line.

<Aryl Group Incapable of Free Rotation, Aromatic Heterocyclic GroupIncapable of Free Rotation>

In the present invention, “an aryl group incapable of free rotation oran aromatic heterocyclic group incapable of free rotation” means asubstituent in a bond of which is incapable of free rotation due tosteric hindrance.

Herein, as the state of being incapable of free rotation, not only thecase, in which free rotation is physically impossible due to theaforesaid aryl group or aromatic heterocyclic group being close to suchas other substituents arranged in the surrounding, but also the case, inwhich a bond rotation barrier exists due to conformation energy withrespect to a substituent bonded through a bonding axis of an aryl groupor a bonding axis of an aromatic heterocyclic group, can be defined asan aryl group incapable of free rotation or an aromatic heterocyclicgroup incapable of free rotation.

Herein, conformation energy to produce a bond rotation barrier ispreferably not less than 25 kcal/mol.

Further, in the present invention, an aryl group or an aromaticheterocyclic group each is preferably in the state of being physicallyincapable of free rotation.

An aryl group utilizable as an aryl group incapable of free rotationincludes such as a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, abiphenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group and a phenanthrylgroup.

An aromatic heterocyclic group utilizable as an aromatic heterocyclicgroup incapable of free rotation includes such as a furyl group, athienyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyridazynyl group, an pyrimizinylgroup, a prazinyl group, a triazinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazoliyl group, a quinazolinyl group and aphthalazinyl group.

EMBODIMENT g

The case in which at least one type of a platinum complex selected froma group comprising following Formulas (28)-(32) as the aforesaid bluelight emitting ortho metalated complex.

A metal complex compound provided with a specific structure, which isrepresented by each of Formulas (28)-(32) according to the presentinvention, will now be explained.

In Formula (28) described above, Z₁₁ together with a carbon atom and anitrogen atom is an atomic group necessary to form an aromaticheterocyclic ring; Z₁₂ together with a carbon atom is an atomic groupnecessary to form a non-aromatic ring; and M is a metal. An aromaticheterocyclic group formed by Z₁₁ includes such as a pyridine ring, apyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyrazine ring, a triazine ring, abenzoimidazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, a benzooxazole ring, aquinazoline ring and a phthalazine ring. A non-aromatic ring formed byZ₁₂ includes, for example, the rings described below.

In Formula (28), a non-aromatic ring represented by Z₁₂ is preferablyR-2 or R-6.

Next, Formula (29) will be explained.

In Formula (29), each of Z₂₁ and Z₂₂, together with a carbon atom and anitrogen atom, is an atomic group necessary to form an aromaticheterocyclic ring and M is a metal. An aromatic ring formed by Z₂₁includes aromatic heterocyclic rings similar to aforesaid Z₁₁, and anaromatic heterocyclic ring formed by Z₂₂ includes such as a pyrrolering, a pyrazole ring, an imidazole ring, a triazole ring, an indolering and a benzoimidazole ring. Preferable are the case of a pyrrolering or a triazole ring.

Next, Formula (30) will be explained.

In Formula (30), Z₃₁, together with a carbon atom and a nitrogen atom,is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring; Z₃₂,together with a carbon atom, is an atomic group comprising a carbon,nitrogen or oxygen atom necessary to form a 5-membered aromatic ring;and M is a metal. An aromatic heterocyclic ring formed by Z₃₁ includesaromatic heterocyclic rings similar to aforesaid Z₁₁, and a 5-memberedaromatic ring formed by Z₃₂ includes such as a pyrrole ring, a furanring, an imidazole ring, a pyrazole ring, an oxazole ring and anoxadizole ring. Preferable is a nitrogen-containing aromaticheterocyclic ring and more preferably is a nitrogen-containing aromaticheterocyclic ring having a plural number of nitrogen atoms or an oxygenatoms.

Next, Formula (31) will be explained.

In Formula (31), Z₄₁, together with a carbon atom and a nitrogen atom,is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring; Z₄₂,together with a carbon atom, is an atomic group necessary to form aring; and M is a metal. An aromatic heterocyclic ring formed by Z₃₁includes aromatic heterocyclic rings similar to an aromatic heterocyclicgroup similar to aforesaid Z₁₁; and a ring formed by Z₄₂ may be eitheran aromatic ring or a non-aromatic ring, however, is preferably anon-aromatic ring.

Next, Formula (32) will be explained.

In Formula (32), Z₅₁, together with a carbon atom and a nitrogen atom,is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring; Z₅₂,together with a carbon atom, is an atomic group necessary to form anazulene ring; and M is a metal. An aromatic heterocyclic ring formed byZ₅₁ includes aromatic heterocyclic rings similar to aforesaid Z₁₁.

In Formulas (28)-(32) explained above, a ring formed by Z₁₁, Z₁₂, Z₂₁,Z₂₂, Z₃₁, Z₃₂, Z₄₁, Z₄₂, Z₅₁ and Z₅₂ may be further provided with asubstituent, and the substituents may bond to each other to further forma ring. Further, in Formulas (28)-(32), M is preferably a metalbelonging to the 8th-10th groups of the periodic table, more preferablyiridium, osmium or platinum, and most preferably iridium.

In the following, specific examples represented any one of Formulas(28)-(32) will be listed, however, the present invention is not limitedthereto.

EMBODIMENT h

The case in which at least one type of a platinum complex represented byfollowing Formula (A) or (B) as the aforesaid blue light emitting orthometalated complex.

At least one type of a platinum complex represented by following Formula(A) or (B) according to the present invention will now be explained.

<Platinum Complex Having Ligand Represented by Formula (A)>

A platinum complex having a partial structure represented by Formula (A)according to the present invention will be explained.

A platinum complex represented by Formula (A) according to the presentinvention will be explained.

In Formula (A), a substituent represented by each of R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅,R₂ and R₇ includes, for example, an alkyl group (such as a methyl group,an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, t-butyl group, apentyl group, a hexyl group, an octyl group, a dodecyl group, a tridecylgroup, a tetradecyl group and a pentadecyl group), a cycloalkyl group(such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group), an alkenyl group(such as a vinyl group and an allyl group), an alkynyl group (such as apropargyl group), an aryl group (such as a phenyl group, a tolyl group,a xylyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenylyl group, an anthoryl group,a phnathryl group, a mesityl group and a fluorenyl group), aheterocyclic group (such as a pyridyl group, a thiazolyl group, aoxazolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a furyl group, a pyrrolyl group, apyradinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a selenazolylgroup, a sulforanyl group, a piperidinyl group, a pyrazolyl group, atetrazolyl group and a carbazolyl group), an alkoxyl group (such as amethoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propyloxy group, a pentyloxy group, ahexyloxy group, an octyloxy group and a dodecyloxy group), a cycloalkoxygroup (such as cyclopentyloxy group and a cyclohexyloxy group), anaryloxy group (such as a phenoxy group and a naphthyloxy group), analkylthio group (such as a methylthio group, an ethylthio group, apropylthio group, a pentylthio group, a hexylthio group, an octylthiogroup and a dodecylthio group), a cycloalkylthio group (such ascyclopentylthio group and a cyclohecylthio group), an arylthio group(such as a phenylthio group and a naphthylthio group), alkoxycarbonylgroup (such as a methyloxycarbonyl group, an ethyloxycarbonyl group, abutyloxycarbonyl group, an octyloxycarbonyl group and adodecyloxycarbonyl group), an aryloxycarbonyl group (such as aphenyloxycarbonyl group and a naphthyloxycarbonyl group), a sulfamoylgroup (such as an aminosulfonyl group, a methylaminosulfonyl group, adimethylaminosulfonyl group, a butylaminosulfonyl group, ahexylaminosulfonyl group, a cyclohexylaminosulfonyl group, anoctylaminosulfonyl group, a dodecylaminosulfonyl group, aphenylaminosulfonyl group, a naphthylaminosulfonyl group and a2-pyridylaminosulfonyl group), an ureido group (such as a methylureido,an ethylureido group, a pentylureido group, a cyclohexylureido group, anoctylureido group, a dodecylureido group, a phenylureido group, anaphthylureido group and a 2-pyridylaminoureido group), an acyl group(such as an acetyl group, an ethylcarbonyl group, a propylcarbonylgroup, a pentylcarbonyl group, a cyclohexylcarbonyl group, anoctylcarbonyl group, a 2-ethylhexylcarbonyl group, a dodecylcarbonylgroup, a phenylcarbonyl group, a naphthylcarbonyl group and apyridylcarbonyl group), an acyloxy group (such as an acetyloxy group, anethylcarbonyloxy group, a butylcarbonyloxy group, an octylcarbonyloxygroup, a dodecylcarbonyloxy group and a phenylcarbonyloxy group), anamido group (such as a methylcarbonylamino group, an ethylcarbonylaminogroup, a dimethylcarbonylamino group, a propylcarbonylamino group, apentylcarbonylamino group, a cyclohexylcarbonylamino group, a2-ethylhexylcarbonylamino group, an octylcarbonylamino group, adodecylcarbonylamino group, a phenylcarbonylamino group and anaphthylcarbonylamino group), a carbamoyl group (such as anaminocarbonyl group, a methyaminocarbonyl group, a dimethylaminocarbonylgroup, a propylaminocarbonyl group, a pentylaminocarbonyl group, acyclohexylaminocarbonyl group, an octylaminocarbonyl group, a2-ethylhexylaminocarbonyl group, a dodecylaminocarbonyl group, aphenylaminocarbonyl group, a naphthylaminocarbonyl group and a2-pyridylaminocarbonyl group), a sulfinyl group (such as amethylsulfinyl group, an ethylsulfinyl group, a butylsulfinyl group, acyclohexylsulfinyl group, a 2-ethylhexylsulfinyl group, adodecylsulfinyl group, a phenylsulfinyl group, a naphthylsulfinyl groupand a 2-pyridylsulfinyl group), an alkylsulfonyl group or anarylsulfonyl group (such as a methylsulfonyl group, an ethylsulfonylgroup, a butylsulfonyl group, an cyclohexylsulfonyl group, a2-ethylhexylsulfonyl group, a dodecylsulfonyl group, a phenylsulfonylgroup, a naphthylsulfonyl group and a 2-pyridylsulfonyl group), an amidogroup (an amino group, an ethylamino group, a dimethylamino group, abutylamino group, a cyclopentylamino group, a 2-ethylhexylamino group, adodcylamino group, an anilino group, a naphthylamino group and a2-pyridyl amino group), a nitro group, a cyano group, a silyl group(such as a trimethylsilyl group, a t-butylmethylsilyl group, adimethylphenylsilyl group and a triphenylsilyl group).

In the present invention, at least one of groups represented by R₁, R₂,R₃ and R₄ is preferably an electron donating group; it is morepreferable that at least two of aforesaid groups represented by R₁, R₂,R₃ and R₄ are electron donating groups and σp of at least one of saidelectron donating groups is not more than −0.20; and it is mostpreferable that the aforesaid electron donating group is introduced toR₂ or R₄ of Formula (A).

<Electron Donating Group Having up of Not More Than −0.20>

Herein, an electron donating group having 6p of not more than −0.20includes such as a cyclopropyl group (−0.21), a cyclohexyl group(−0.22), a tert-butyl group (−0.20), —CH₂Si(CH₃)₃ (−0.21), an aminogroup (−0.66), a hydroxylamino group (−0.34), —NHNH₂ (−0.55), —NHCONH₂(−0.24), —NHCH₃ (−0.84), —NHC₂H₅ (−0.61), —NHCONHC₂H₅ (−0.26), —NHC₄H₉(−0.51), —NHC₆H₅ (−0.40), —N═CHC₆H₅ (−0.55), —OH (−0.37), —OCH₃ (−0.27),—OCH₂COOH (−0.33), —OC₂H₅ (−0.24), —OC₃H₇ (−0.25), —OCH(CH₃)₂ (−0.45),—OC₅H₁₁ (−0.34) and —OCH₂C₆H₅ (−0.42), however, the present invention isnot limited thereto.

In Formula (A), a substituent represented by each of Ra and Rb isidentical with a substituent represented by each of R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅,R₆ and R₇ in Formula (A), however, preferable is the case in which bothRa and Rb are alkyl groups.

<Platinum Complex Having Ligand Represented by Formula (B)>

A platinum complex having a partial structure represented by Formula (B)will now be explained.

A platinum complex represented by Formula (B) will now be explained.

In Formula (B), a substituent represented by each of R₁₁, R₁₂, R₁₃, R₁₄,R₁₅, R₁₆ and R₁₇ is identical with a substituent represented by each ofR₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆ and R₇ in Formula (1). Herein, at least one ofR₁₁ and R₁₂ is an electron attracting group; the both of R₁₁ and R₁₂ arepreferably electron attracting groups, and it is furthermore preferablethat 6p of the aforesaid electron attracting group is not less than0.10.

<Electron Attracting Group Having σp of not Less than 0.10>

An electron attracting group having 6p of not less than 0.10 includessuch as —B(OH)₂ (0.12), bromine atom (0.23), chlorine atom (0.23),iodine atom (0.18), —CBr₃ (0.29), —CCl₃ (0.33), —CCF₃ (0.54), —CN(0.66), —CHO (0.42), —COOH (0.45), —CONH₂ (0.36), —CH₂SO₂CF₃ (0.31),—COCH₃ (0.45), 3-varenyl group (0.19), —CF(CF₃)₂ (0.53), —CO₂C₂H₅(0.45), —CF₂CF₂CF₂CF₃ (0.52), —C₆F₅ (0.41), 2-benzooxazolyl group(0.33), 2-benzothiazolyl group (0.29), —C═O(C₆H₅) (0.43), —OCF₃ (0.35),—CSO₂CH₃ (0.36), —SO₂(CH₂) (0.57), —SO₂CH₃ (0.72), —COCH₂CH₃ (0.48),—COCH(CH₃)₂ (0.47) and —COC(CH₃)₃ (0.32), however, the present inventionis not limited thereto.

In Formula (B), a substituent represented by each of Rc and Rd isidentical with a substituent represented by each of R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅,R₆ and R₇ in Formula (1), however, the both of Rc and Rd are preferablyalkyl groups.

In the following, specific examples of a platinum complex having apartial structure represented by Formula (A) or (B) according to thepresent invention will be listed; however, the present invention is notlimited thereto.

Metal complexes according to an organic EL element of the presentinvention (specifically, ortho metalated complexes of each of green,blue and red) can be synthesized by applying a method described, forexample, in Organic Letter, vol. 13, No. 16, pp. 2579-2581 (2001),Inorganic Chemistry, vol. 30, No. 8, pp. 1685-1687 (1991), J. Am. Chem.Soc., vol. 123, p. 4304 (2001), Inorganic Chemistry, vol. 40, No. 7, pp.1704-1711 (2001), Inorganic Chemistry, vol. 41, No. 12, pp. 3055-3066(2002), and New Journal of Chemistry, vol. 26, p. 1171 (2002); andfurther in references described in these literatures.

<Application of Organic EL Element Material Containing Metal Complex toOrganic EL Element>

In the case of preparing an organic EL element by utilizing aphosphorescent compound according to the present invention, saidphosphorescient compound is preferably utilized in an emission layer ora positive hole blocking layer among the constituent layers of anorganic EL element (details of which will be described later). Further,in an emission layer, said phosphorescent compound is preferablyutilized as an emission dopant.

(Emission Host and Emission Dopant)

The mixing ratio of an emission dopant against an emission host, whichis a host compound as a primary component in an emission layer, ispreferably adjusted in a range of not less than 0.1 weight % and lessthan 30 weight %.

Herein, plural types of compounds may be mixed to be utilized as anemission dopant, and the partner to be mixed may be another metalcomplex having a different structure, a phosphorescent dopant or afluorescent dopant having another structure.

An embodiment wherein a phosphorescence emitting compound according tothe present invention is preferably utilized includes the followingembodiments.

(a) The case in which at least two types of phosphorescence emittingcompounds different from each other are contained in the same emissionlayer.

(b) The case in which at least two types of phosphorescence emittingcompounds different from each other are contained in different emissionlayers, respectively.

(b) The case in which two types out of three types of phosphorescenceemitting compounds different from each other are contained in the sameemission layer and the remaining one type is contained in an emissionlayer different from the emission layer in which aforesaid two types arecontained.

Further, a dopant (such as a phosphorescent dopant and a fluorescentdopant) utilizable in combination with a phosphorescence emittingcompound according to the present invention, which is utilized as anemission dopant, will be explained.

An emission dopant is roughly classified into tow types, a fluorescentdopant which emits fluorescence and a phosphorescent dopant which emitsphosphorescence.

A typical example of the former (a fluorescent dopant) includes such ascumarin type dye, pyran type dye, cyanine type dye, croconium type dye,squalium type dye, oxobenzanthrathene type dye, fluoresceine type dye,Rhodamine type dye, pyrylium type dye, perillene type dye, stylben typedye, polythiophene type dye or a rare earth complex type fluorescentsubstance.

A typical example of the latter (a phosphorescent dopant) is preferablya complex type compound containing a metal belonging to the 8th, 9th or10th group of the periodic table, more preferably an iridium compoundand an osmium compound and most preferably an iridium compound.

Specifically, these are compounds described in the following patentpublications:

Such as WO 00/70655 pamphlet; JP-A Nos. 2002-280178, 2001-181616,2002-280179, 2001-181617, 2002-280180, 2001-247859, 2002-299060,2001-313178, 2002-302671, 2001-345183 and 2002-324679; WO 02/15645pamphlet; JP-A Nos. 2002-332291, 2002-50484, 2002-332292, 2002-83684,2002-540572, 2002-117978, 2002-338588, 2002-170684 and 2002-352960; WO01/93642 pamphlet, JP-A Nos. 2002-50483, 2002-100476, 2002-173674,2002-359082, 2002-175884, 2002-363552, 2002-184582 and 2003-7469;Japanese Translation of PCT International Application Publication No.2002-525808; JP-A 2003-7471; Japanese Translation of PCT InternationalApplication Publication No. 2002-525833; JP-A Nos. 2003-31366,2002-226495, 2002-234894, 2002-235076, 2002-241751, 2001-319779,2001-319780, 2002-62824, 2002-100474, 2002-203679, 2002-343572 and2002-203678.

Compounds which can be utilized in combination with a phosphorescenceemitting compound according to the present invention will be partlylisted below.

(Emission Host)

An emission host means a compound a mixing ratio (weight) of which islargest in an emission layer comprising at least two types of compounds,and other compounds are called as dopant compounds (or simply asdopants). For example, when an emission layer is comprised of two types,compound A and compound B, and the mixing ratio A/B=10/90, compound A isa dopant compound and compound B is a host compound. Further, when anemission layer is comprised of three types, compound A, compound B andcompound C, and the mixing ratio A/B/C=5/10/85, compound A and compoundB are dopant compounds and compound C is a host compound.

An emission host utilized in the present invention is not specificallylimited with respect to the structure, however, typically includes thosehaving a basic skeleton of such as a carbazole derivative, atriarylamine derivative, an aromatic borane derivative, anitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, a thiophene derivative, afuran derivative and oligoarylene compound, or such as a carbolinederivative and a diazacarbazole derivative (wherein, a diazacarbazolederivative is those at least one carbon atom of a hydrocarbon ring,which constitutes a carboline ring of a carboline derivative, issubstituted by a nitrogen atom).

Among them, preferably utilized are such as a carboline derivative, adiazacarbazole derivative and a compound represented by above-describedFormula (33).

<Compound Represented by Formula (33)>

A compound represented by Formula (33) according to the presentinvention will now be explained.

The inventors of the present invention, as a result of extensive study,have found that an organic EL element, which is prepared by containing acompound represented by aforesaid Formula (33) in an emission layer orin an adjacent layer to said emission layer and utilizing aphosphorescence emitting compound described later in an emission layer,exhibits increased emission efficiency and prolonged life.

In aforesaid Formula (33), Z₁ is an aromatic heterocyclic ring which maybe provided with a substituent; Z₂ is an aromatic heterocyclic ring oran aromatic hydrocarbon ring which may be provided with a substituent;and Z₃ is a divalent connecting group or a simple bonding hand. R₁₀₁ isa hydrogen atom or a substituent.

In aforesaid Formula (33), an aromatic heterocyclic ring represented byZ₁ and Z₂ includes such as a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a pyridinering, a pyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyradine ring, a triazinering, a benzoimidazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, a triazole ring, animidazole ring, a pyrazole ring, a thiazole ring, an indole ring, abenzoimidazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, a benzooxazole ring, aquinoxaline ring, a quinazoline ring, a phthalazine ring, a carbazolering, a carboline ring and a ring in which a carbon atom of ahydrocarbon ring constituting a carboline ring is further substituted bya nitrogen atom. Further, the aforesaid aromatic heterocyclic ring maybe provided with a substituent represented by R₁₀₁, which will bedescribed later.

In aforesaid Formula (33), an aromatic hydrocarbon ring represented byZ₂ includes such as a benzene ring, a biphenyl ring, a naphthalene ring,an azulene ring, an anthrathene ring, a phenanthrene ring, a pyrenering, a chrisene ring, a naphthacene ring, a triphenylene ring, ano-terphenyl ring, a m-terphenyl ring, a p-terphenyl ring, an acenaphtenering, a coronene ring, a fluorene ring, a fluoranthrene ring, anaphthacene ring, a pentacene ring, a perylene ring, a pentaphene ring,a picene ring, a pyrene ring, a pyranthrene ring and an anthraathrenering. Further, the aforesaid aromatic hydrocarbon ring may be providedwith a substituent represented by R₁₀₁ which will be described later.

In Formula (33), a substituent represented by R₁₁ includes such as analkyl group (such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, anisopropyl group, t-butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, an octylgroup, a dodecyl group, a tridecyl group, a tetradecyl group and apentadecyl group), a cycloalkyl group (such as a cyclopentyl group and acyclohexyl group), an alkenyl group (such as a vinyl group and an allylgroup), an alkynyl group (such as a ethynyl group and a propargylgroup), an aryl group (such as a phenyl group and a naphthyl group), anaromatic heterocyclic group (such as a furyl group, a thienyl group, apyridyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyradinylgroup, a triazinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, athiazolyl group, a quinazolyl group and a phthalazinyl group), aheterocyclic group (such as a pyrrolidyl group, an imidazolidyl group, amorpholyl group and a oxazolidyl group), an alkoxyl group (such as amethoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propyloxy group, a pentyloxy group, ahexyloxy group, an octyloxy group and a dodecyloxy group), a cycloalkoxygroup (such as cyclopentyloxy group and a cyclohexyloxy group), anaryloxy group (such as a phenoxy group and a naphthyloxy group), analkylthio group (such as a methylthio group, an ethylthio group, apropylthio group, a pentylthio group, a hexylthio group, an octylthiogroup and a dodecylthio group), a cycloalkylthio group (such ascyclopentylthio group and a cyclohecylthio group), an arylthio group(such as a phenylthio group and a naphthylthio group), alkoxycarbonylgroup (such as a methyloxycarbonyl group, an ethyloxycarbonyl group, abutyloxycarbonyl group, an octyloxycarbonyl group and adodecyloxycarbonyl group), an aryloxycarbonyl group (such as aphenyloxycarbonyl group and a naphthyloxycarbonyl group), a sulfamoylgroup (such as an aminosulfonyl group, a methylaminosulfonyl group, adimethylaminosulfonyl group, a butylaminosulfonyl group, ahexylaminosulfonyl group, a cyclohexylaminosulfonyl group, anoctylaminosulfonyl group, a dodecylaminosulfonyl group, aphenylaminosulfonyl group, a naphthylaminosulfonyl group and a2-pyridylaminosulfonyl group), an acyl group (such as an acetyl group,an ethylcarbonyl group, a propylcarbonyl group, a pentylcarbonyl group,a cyclohexylcarbonyl group, an octylcarbonyl group, a2-ethylhexylcarbonyl group, a dodecylcarbonyl group, a phenylcarbonylgroup, a naphthylcarbonyl group and a pyridylcarbonyl group), an acyloxygroup (such as an acetyloxy group, an ethylcarbonyloxy group, abutylcarbonyloxy group, an octylcarbonyloxy group, a dodecylcarbonyloxygroup and a phenylcarbonyloxy group), an amido group (such as amethylcarbonylamino group, an ethylcarbonylamino group, adimethylcarbonylamino group, a propylcarbonylamino group, apentylcarbonylamino group, a cyclohexylcarbonylamino group, a2-ethylhexylcarbonylamino group, an octylcarbonylamino group, adodecylcarbonylamino group, a phenylcarbonylamino group and anaphthylcarbonylamino group), a carbamoyl group (such as anaminocarbonyl group, a methyaminocarbonyl group, a dimethylaminocarbonylgroup, a propylaminocarbonyl group, a pentylaminocarbonyl group, acyclohexylaminocarbonyl group, an octylaminocarbonyl group, a2-ethylhexylaminocarbonyl group, a dodecylaminocarbonyl group, aphenylaminocarbonyl group, a naphthylaminocarbonyl group and a2-pyridylaminocarbonyl group), an ureido group (such as a methylureidogroup, an ethylureido group, a pentyl ureido group, a cyclohexylureidogroup, an octylureido group, a dodecylureido group, a phenylureidogroup, a naphthylureido group and a 2-pyridylureido group), a sulfinylgroup (such as a methylsulfinyl group, an ethylsulfinyl group, abutylsulfinyl group, a cyclohexylsulfinyl group, a 2-ethylhexylsulfinylgroup, a dodecylsulfinyl group, a phenylsulfinyl group, anaphthylsulfinyl group and a 2-pyridylsulfinyl group), an alkylsulfonylgroup (such as a methylsulfonyl group, an ethylsulfonyl group, abutylsulfonyl group, an cyclohexylsulfonyl group, a 2-ethylhexylsulfonylgroup and a dodecylsulfonyl group), an arylsulfonyl group (such as aphenylsulfonyl group, a naphthylsulfonyl group and a 2-pyridylsulfonylgroup), an amino group (an amino group, an ethylamino group, adimethylamino group, a butylamino group, a cyclopentylamino group, a2-ethylhexylamino group, a dodcylamino group, an anilino group, anaphthylamino group and a 2-pyuridyl amino group), a halogen atom (suchas a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom), afluorohydrocarbon group (such as a fluoromethyl group, trifluoromethylgroup, pentafluoroethyl group and pentafluorophenyl group), a cyanogroup, a nitro group, a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, a silyl group(such as trimethylsilyl group, t-isopropylsilyl group and atriphenylsilyl group).

These substituents may be further substituted by the above-describedsubstituents. Further, a plural number of these substituents may bond toeach other to form a ring.

Preferable substituents are an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, afluorohydrocarbon group, an aryl group and an aromatic heterocyclicgroup.

A divalent connecting group may be those containing a hetero atom inaddition to a hydrocarbon group such as alkylene, alkenylene, alkynyleneand arylene; also may be those arising from a compound having anaromatic heterocyclic ring (also referred to as a hetero aromaticcompound) such as a thiophene-2,5-diyl group and a pyridine-2,3-diylgroup; and may be a chalcogen atom such as oxygen and sulfur. Further, adivalent connecting group may be a group, which bonds via a hetero atom,such as an alkylimino group, a dialkylsilanediyl group and adiarylgermandiyl.

A simple bonding hand is a bonding hand to directly connect substituentsto be combined with each other.

In the present invention, Z₁ of aforesaid Formula (33) is preferably a6-membered ring. Thereby, higher emission efficiency can be obtained andthe life is further prolonged.

Further, in the present invention, Z₂ of aforesaid Formula (33) ispreferably a 6-membered ring. Thereby, higher emission efficiency can beobtained and the life is further prolonged.

Further, it is preferable to make the both Z₁ and Z₂ of aforesaidFormula (33) be a 6-membered ring, because furthermore high emissionefficiency can be obtained. Further, it is preferable because the lifeis furthermore prolonged.

A compound represented by aforesaid Formula (33) is preferably acompound represented by each of aforesaid Formula (33-1)-(33-13).

In aforesaid Formula (33-1), R₅₀₁-R₅₀₇ each independently are a hydrogenatom or a substituent.

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (33-1), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (33-2), R₅₁₁-R₅₁₇ each independently are a hydrogenatom or a substituent.

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (33-2), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (33-3), R₅₂₁-R₅₂₇ each independently are a hydrogenatom or a substituent.

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (33-3), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (33-4), R₅₃₁-R₅₃₇ each independently are a hydrogenatom or a substituent.

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (33-4), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (33-5), R₅₄₁-R₅₄₈ each independently are a hydrogenatom or a substituent.

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (33-5), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (33-6), R₅₅₁-R₅₅₈ each independently are a hydrogenatom or a substituent.

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (33-6), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (33-7), R₅₆₁-R₅₆₇ each independently are a hydrogenatom or a substituent.

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (33-7), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (33-8), R₅₇₁-R₅₇₇ each independently are a hydrogenatom or a substituent.

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (33-8), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (33-9), R₅₈₁-R₅₈₈ each independently are a hydrogenatom or a substituent.

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (33-9), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (33-10), R₅₉₁-R₅₉₈ each independently are ahydrogen atom or a substituent.

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (33-10), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

Further, a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (33) is preferablya compound having at least one group represented by any one of aforesaidFormulas (3-1)-(3-10). In particular, it is preferable that 2-4 ofgroups represented by any one of aforesaid Formulas (34-1)-(34-10) areprovided in a molecule. Herein, included is the case wherein, in astructure represented by aforesaid Formula (33), the part except R₁₀₁ issubstituted by any one of aforesaid Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).

Herein, a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (35)-(49) isspecifically preferable with respect to obtaining an effect of thepresent invention.

In aforesaid Formula (35), R₆₀₁-R₆₀₆ are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, however, at least one of R₆₀₁-R₆₀₆ is a group representedby any one of aforesaid Formula (34-1)-(34-10).

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (35), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (36), R₆₁₁-R₆₂₀ are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, however, at least one of R₆₁₁-R₆₂₀ is a group representedby any one of aforesaid Formula (34-1)-(34-10).

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (36), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (37), R₆₂₁-R₆₂₃ are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, however, at least one of R₆₂₁-R₆₂₃ is a group representedby any one of aforesaid Formula (34-1)-(34-10).

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (37), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (38), R₆₃₁-R₆₄₅ are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, however, at least one of R₆₃₁-R₆₄₅ is a group representedby any one of aforesaid Formula (34-1)-(34-10).

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (38), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (39), R₆₅₁-R₆₅₆ are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, however at least one of R₆₅₁-R₆₅₆ is a group represented byany one of aforesaid Formula (34-1)-(34-10). na is an integer of 0-5 andnb is an integer of 1-6, however, the sum of na and nb is 6.

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (39), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (40), R₆₆₁-R₆₇₂ are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, however, at least one of R₆₆₁-R₆₇₂ is a group representedby any one of aforesaid Formula (34-1)-(34-10).

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (40), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (41), R₆₈₁-R₆₈₈ are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, however, at least one of R₆₈₁-R₆₈₈ is a group representedby any one of aforesaid Formula (34-1)-(34-10).

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (41), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In aforesaid Formula (42), R₆₉₁-R₇₀₀ are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, however, at least one of R₆₉₁-R₇₀₀ is a group representedby any one of aforesaid Formula (34-1)-(34-10).

In Formula (42), as a divalent connecting group represented by L₁,utilized can be a group containing a hetero atom (for example, adivalent group containing a chalcogen atom such as —O— and —S—, and—N(R)— group, wherein R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group and saidalkyl group is identical with an alkyl group represented by R₁₀₁ inaforesaid Formula (33)) in addition to a hydrocarbon group such as analkylene group (such as an ethylene group, a trimethilene group, atetramethylene group, a propylene group, an ethylethylene group, apentamethylene group, a hexamethylene group,2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene group, a heptamethylene group, anoctamethylene group, a nonamethylene group, a decamethylene group, anundecamethylene group, a dodecamethylene group, a cyclohexylene group(such as 1,6-cyclohexanediyl group), a cyclopentylene group (such as1,5-cyclopentanediyl group)), an alkenylene group (such as a vinylenegroup and a propenylene group), an alkynylene group (such as anethylenylene group and a 3-pentynylene group) and an arylene group.

Further, in each of the above-described alkenylene group, alkynylenegroup and arylene group, at least one of carbon atoms, which constitutea divalent connecting group, may be substituted by a charcogen atom(such as oxygen and sulfur) or aforesaid —N(R)— group.

Further, as a divalent group represented by L₁, for example, a grouphaving a divalent heterocyclic group is utilized and listed are such asa oxazolediyl group, a pyrimidinediyl group, a pyridazinediyl group, apyradinediyl group, a pyrrolinediyl group, an imidazolinediyl group, animidazolidinediyl group, a pyrazolidinediyl group, a pyrazolinediylgroup, a piperidinediyl group, a piperadinediyl group, a morpholinediylgroup and a quinuclidinediyl group; and also listed may be a divalentconnecting group arising from a compound having an aromatic heterocyclicring (also referred to as a hetero aromatic compound) such as athiophene-2,5-diyl group and a pyridine-2,3-diyl group.

Further, also listed may be a group which bonds via a hetero atom suchas an alkylimino group, a dialkylsilanediyl group and anallylgermanediyl group.

By utilizing a compound represented by aforesaid Formula (42), anorganic EL element having higher emission efficiency can be prepared.Further, the life of the organic EL element can be prolonged.

In a compound represented by each of aforesaid Formulas (43)-(47), asubstituent represented by each of R₁ and R₂ is identical with asubstituent represented by R₁₀₁ in aforesaid Formula (33).

In aforesaid Formula (47), a 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ringcontaining at least one nitrogen atom represented by each of Z₁, Z₂, Z₃and Z₄ includes such as a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrimidinering and a pyradine ring.

In aforesaid Formula (48), a 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ringcontaining at least one nitrogen atom represented by each of Z₁ and Z₂includes such as a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ringand a pyradine ring.

In aforesaid Formula (48), an arylen group represented by each of Ar₁and Ar₂ includes o-phenylene group, a m-phenylene group, a p-phenylenegroup, a naphthalenediyl group, an anthracenediyl group, anaphthacenediyl group, a pyrenediyl group, a naphthylnaphthalenediylgroup, a biphenyldiyl group (such as 3,3′-biphenyldiyl group and a3,6-biphenyldiyl group), a terphenyldiyl group, a quaterphenyldiylgroup, a quinquiphenyldiyl group, a sexiphenyldiyl group, aseptiphenyldiyl group, an octiphenyldiyl group, a nobiphenyldiyl groupand a deciphenyldiyl group. Further, the aforesaid arylene group may beprovided with a substituent which will be described later.

In aforesaid Formula (48), a divalent aromatic heterocyclic grouprepresented by each of Ar₁ and Ar₂ includes a divalent group derivedfrom such as a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a pyridine ring, apyridazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyradine ring, a triazine ring, abenzoimidazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, a triazole ring, an imidazolering, a pyrazole ring, a thiazole ring, an indole ring, a benzoimidazolering, a benzothiazole ring, a benzooxazole ring, a quinoxaline ring, aquinazoline ring, a phthalazine ring, a carbazole ring, a carboline ringand a ring in which at least one of carbon atoms of a hydrocarbon ringconstituting a carboline ring is further substituted by a nitrogen atom.Further, the aforesaid aromatic heterocyclic group may be provided witha substituent represented by aforesaid R₁₀₁.

In aforesaid Formula (48), a divalent connecting group represented by Lis identical with a divalent connecting group represented by L₁ inaforesaid Formula (42), however, preferable are an alkylene group and adivalent group containing a charcogen atom such as —O— and —S—, and mostpreferable is an alkylene group.

In aforesaid Formula (49), an arylen group represented by each of Ar₁and Ar₂ is identical with an arylen group represented by each of Ar₁ andAr₂ in aforesaid Formula (48).

In aforesaid Formula (49), an aromatic heterocyclic group represented byeach of Ar₁ and Ar₂ is identical with an aromatic heterocyclic grouprepresented by each of Ar₁ and Ar₂ in aforesaid Formula (48).

In aforesaid Formula (49), a 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ringcontaining at least one nitrogen atom represented by each of Z₁, Z₂, Z₃and Z₄ includes such as a pyridine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrimidinering and a pyridine ring.

In aforesaid Formula (49), a divalent connecting group represented by Lis identical with a divalent connecting group represented by L₁ is inaforesaid Formula (42), however, preferable are an alkylene group and adivalent group containing a charcogen atom such as —O— and —S—, and mostpreferable is an alkylene group.

In the following, specific examples represented by Formula (33)according to the present invention will be shown; however, the presentinvention is not limited thereto. COM- POUND CENTRAL MOIETY A 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

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21

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32

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59

The emission host employed in the present invention may be a lowmolecular weight compound, a polymer compound having a repeat unit, or alow molecular compound having a polymerizable group, for example. avinyl group or an epoxy group (a vacuum evaporated polymerizable host).

The emission host is preferably a compound which prevents elongation ofthe wavelength of the emission and has a high Tg (a glass transitiontemperature), while having a hole transport property or an electrontransport property.

As specific examples of an emission host, preferable are the compoundsdescribed in the following documents, for example: JP-A Nos.2001-257076, 2002-308855, 2001-313179, 2002-319491, 2001-357977,2002-334786, 2002-8860, 2002-334787, 2002-15871, 2002-334788,2002-43056, 2002-334789, 2002-75645, 2002-338579, 2002-105445,2002-343568, 2002-141173, 2002-352957, 2002-203683, 2002-363227,2002-231453, 2003-3165, 2002-234888, 2003-27048, 2002-255934,2002-260861, 2002-280183, 2002-299060, 2002-302516, 2002-305083,2002-305084 and 2002-308837.

Next, constitutions of typical organic EL elements will be described.

<<Constituting Layers of Organic EL Element>>

The constituting layers of the organic EL element of the presentinvention will be explained.

Preferable examples of the constituting layers of the organic EL elementof the present invention will be shown below, however, the presentinvention is not limited thereto. (i) Anode/Hole transport layer/Lightemission layer/Hole blocking layer/Electron transport layer/Cathode (ii)Anode/Electron blocking layer/Light emission layer/Hole blockinglayer/Electron transport layer/Cathode (iii) Anode/Hole transportlayer/Electron blocking layer/Light emission layer/Hole blockinglayer/Electron transport layer/Cathode (iv) Anode/Hole transportlayer/Electron blocking layer/Light emission layer/Hole blockinglayer/Electron transport layer/Cathode (v) Anode/Hole transportlayer/Electron blocking layer/Light emission layer/Hole blockinglayer/Electron transport layer/Cathode buffer layer/Cathode (vi)Anode/Anode buffer layer/Hole transport layer/Electron blockinglayer/Light emission layer/Hole blocking layer/Electron transportlayer/Cathode buffer layer/Cathode (vii) Anode/Anode buffer layer/Holetransport layer/Electron blocking layer/Light emission layer/Holeblocking layer/Electron transport layer/Cathode buffer layer/Cathode

<<Blocking Layer (Electron Blocking Layer, Hole Blocking Layer>>

A blocking layer of the present invention (for example, an electronblocking layer, an electron hole blocking layer) will be explained.

In the present invention, the material for the organic EL element of thepresent invention is preferably used, for example, in the hole blockinglayer or in the electron blocking layer, and more preferably in the holeblocking layer.

When the material for the organic EL element of the present invention isused, for example, in the hole blocking layer or in the electronblocking layer, the metal complex of the present invention described inany one of the above Items (1) to (17) may be incorporated in the holeblocking layer or in the electron blocking layer, in a state of 100% byweight or in a state of being mixed with another organic compound (forexample, a compound used in the constituting layer of the organic ELelement of the present invention).

The thickness of the blocking layer of the present invention ispreferably 3 nm-100 nm, and more preferably 5 nm-30 nm.

<<Hole Blocking Layer>>

The hole blocking layer has a function of an electron transport layer ina broad sense and contains a material having an ability of transportingelectrons, however, an extremely poor ability of transporting holes,which can increase a recombination probability of electrons and holes bytransporting electrons while blocking holes.

The hole blocking layer, for example, disclosed in JP-A Nos. 11-204258and 11-204359, and the hole blocking layer described in page 237 of“Organic EL element and its frontier of industrialization” (published byNTS Corporation, Nov. 30, 1998), can be used as the hole blocking layerof the present invention. Further, when necessary, the constitution ofan electron transport layer which will be described later can also beused as the hole blocking layer of the present invention.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use a compound representedby the above Formula (33) in a layer adjacent to the light emissionlayer, namely, in a hole blocking layer or in an electron blockinglayer, and specifically preferable is to use it in the hole blockinglayer.

<<Hole Transport Layer>>

The hole transport layer contains a hole transport material having ahole transport ability. A hole injection layer and an electron blockinglayer are included in a hole transport layer in a broad sense. The holetransport layer may either be an single layer or a lamination layercontaining a plurality of layers.

The hole transport material is not specifically limited, and can bearbitrarily selected from commonly used hole injection-transportmaterials in a photo conduction material or from the materials known inthe art in a hole injection layer or in a hole transport layer of anorganic EL element.

A hole transport material means a compound having a hole injectionability, a hole transport ability or an electron blocking ability, andit may be an organic substance or an inorganic substance. Examples of ahole transport material include: a triazole derivative, an oxadiazolederivative, an imidazole derivative, a polyarylalkane derivative, apyrazoline derivative, a pyrazolone derivative, a phenylenediaminederivative, an arylamine derivative, an amino substituted chalconederivative, an oxazole derivative, a styrylanthracene derivative, afluorenone derivative, a hydrazone derivative, a stilbene derivative, asilazane derivative, an aniline-containing copolymer, and anelectroconductive oligomer, specifically, a thiophene oligomer.

As the hole transport material, those described above are used, however,a porphyrin compound, an aromatic tertiary amine compound and astyrylamine compound are preferable, and, specifically, an aromatictertiary amine compound is preferable.

Typical examples of the aromatic tertiary amine compound and styrylaminecompound include: N,N,N′,N′-tetraphenyl-4,4′-diaminophenyl,N,N′-diphenyl-N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diamine(TPD), 2,2-bis(4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl)propane,1,1-bis(4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl)cyclohexane,N,N,N′,N′-tetra-p-tolyl-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl,1,1-bis(4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl)-4-phenylcyclohexane,bis(4-dimethylamino-2-methylphenyl)phenylmethane,bis(4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl)phenylmethane,N,N′-diphenyl-N,N′-di(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl,N,N,N′,N′-tetraphenyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenylether,4,4′-bis(diphenylamino)quardriphenyl, N,N,N-tri(p-tolyl)amine,4-(di-p-tolylamino)-4′-[4-(di-p-tolylamino)styryl]stilbene,4-N,N-diphenylamino-(2-diphenylvinyl)benzene,3-methoxy-4′-N,N-diphenylaminostylbene, N-phenylcarbazole, compoundsdescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,061,569 which have two condensed aromaticrings in the molecule thereof such as4,4′-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (NPD), and compoundsdescribed in JP-A No. 4-308688 such as4,4′,4″-tris[N-(3-methylphenyl)-N-phenylamino]-triphenylamine (MTDATA)in which three triphenylamine units are bonded in a starburst form.

A polymer in which the material mentioned above is introduced in thepolymer chain or a polymer having the above mentioned material as thepolymer main chain can also be used.

As a hole injecting material or a hole transport material, inorganiccompounds such as p-Si and p-SiC are usable. Further, the hole transportmaterial preferably has a high Tg.

The hole transport layer can be formed by preparing a thin layer of theabove-mentioned hole transport material using a known method such as avacuum deposition method, a spin coat method, a cast method, an inkjetmethod, or an LB method. The thickness of the hole transport layer isnot specifically limited, however, it is ordinarily from 5 nm to 5000nm. The hole transport layer may be composed of a single layer structurecontaining one or more of the materials mentioned above.

<<Electron Transport Layer>>

The electron transport layer contains a material having an electrontransport ability, and in a broad sense an electron injection layer or ahole blocking layer are included in an electron transport layer. Theelectron transport layer can be provided as a single layer or as aplurality of layers.

The following materials have been known as an electron transportmaterial (which serves also as a hole blocking material) used in asingle electron transport layer or in the electron transport layerclosest to the cathode when plural electron transport layers areemployed.

The electron transport layer has a function of transporting electronsinjected from a cathode to a emission layer, and the material used inthe electron transport layer can be optionally selected from thecompounds known in the art.

Examples of the material used in the electron transport layer(hereafter, referred to as the electron transport material) include: anitro-substituted fluorene derivative, a diphenylquinone derivative, athiopyran dioxide derivative, a carbodiimide, a fluolenylidenemethanederivative, an anthraquinodimethane, an anthrone derivative, and anoxadiazole derivative. Moreover, a thiadiazole derivative which isformed by substituting the oxygen atom in the oxadiazole ring of theforegoing oxadiazole derivative with a sulfur atom, and a quinoxalinederivative having a quinoxaline ring known as an electron withdrawinggroup are usable as the electron transport material.

A polymer in which the material mentioned above is introduced in thepolymer chain or a polymer having the material as the polymer main chaincan be also used.

A metal complex of an 8-quinolynol derivative such as aluminumtris(8-quinolynol) (Alq), aluminum tris(5,7-dichloro-8-quinolynol),aluminum tris(5,7-dibromo-8-quinolynol), aluminumtris(2-methyl-8-quinolynol), aluminum tris(5-methyl-8-quinolynol), orzinc bis(8-quinolynol) (Znq), and a metal complex formed by replacingthe central metal of the foregoing complexes with another metal atomsuch as In, Mg, Cu, Ca, Sn, Ga or Pb, can be used as the electrontransport material. Furthermore, a metal free or metal-containingphthalocyanine, and a derivative thereof, in which the molecularterminal is replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl group or asulfonic acid group, are also preferably used as the electron transportmaterial. The distyrylpyrazine derivative exemplified as a material forthe emission layer may preferably be employed as the electron transportmaterial. An inorganic semiconductor such as n-Si and n-SiC may also beused as the electron transport material in a similar way as in the holeinjection layer or in the hole transport layer.

The electron transport layer can be formed employing the above describedelectron transport materials and by forming into a film using a knownmethod such as a vacuum deposition method, a spin coat method, a castmethod, an inkjet method or an LB method. The thickness of electrontransport layer is not specifically limited, however, is ordinarily from5 to 5000 nm. The electron transport layer may be composed of a singlelayer containing one kind or two or more kinds of the above-mentionedelectron transport materials.

Next, the injection layer used as one of the constituting layers of theorganic EL element of the present invention will be explained.

<<Injection Layer>>: Electron Injection Layer, Hole Injection Layer

The injection layer is optionally provided, for example, an electroninjection layer or a hole injection layer, and may be provided betweenthe anode and the emission layer or the hole transport layer, andbetween the cathode and the emission layer or the electron transportlayer as described above.

The injection layer herein referred to is a layer provided between theelectrode and an organic layer in order to reduce the driving voltage orto improve of light emission efficiency. As the injection layer, thereare a hole injection layer (an anode buffer layer) and an electroninjection layer (a cathode buffer layer), which are described in“Electrode Material” pages 123-166, Div. 2 Chapter 2 of “Organic ELelement and its frontier of industrialization” (published by NTSCorporation, Nov. 30, 1998) in detail.

The anode buffer layer (a hole injection layer) is described in, forexample, JP-A Nos. 9-45479, 9-260062, and 8-288069, and its examplesinclude a phthalocyanine buffer layer represented by a copperphthalocyanine layer, an oxide buffer layer represented by a vanadiumoxide layer, an amorphous carbon buffer layer, and a polymer bufferlayer employing an electroconductive polymer such as polyaniline(emeraldine) or polythiophene.

The cathode buffer layer (an electron injection layer) is described in,for example, JP-A Nos. 6-325871, 9-17574, and 10-74586, in detail, andits examples include a metal buffer layer represented by a strontium oraluminum layer, an alkali metal compound buffer layer represented by alithium fluoride layer, an alkali earth metal compound buffer layerrepresented by a magnesium fluoride layer, and an oxide buffer layerrepresented by an aluminum oxide.

The buffer layer (an injection layer) is preferably very thin and has athickness of preferably from 0.1 to 100 nm depending on the kind of thematerial used.

The injection layer can be formed by preparing a thin layer of theabove-mentioned injection material using a known method such as a vacuumdeposition method, a spin coat method, a cast method, an inkjet method,or an LB method. The thickness of the injection layer is notspecifically limited, however, it is ordinarily from 5 nm to 5000 nm.The injection layer may be composed of a single layer structurecontaining one kind or two or more kinds of the materials mentionedabove.

<<Anode>>

For the anode of the organic EL element, a metal, an alloy, or anelectroconductive compound each having a high working function (not lessthan 4 eV), and mixture thereof are preferably used as the electrodematerial. Specific examples of such an electrode material include ametal such as Au, CuI and a transparent electroconductive material suchas indium tin oxide (ITO), SnO₂, or ZnO. A material capable of formingan amorphous and transparent conductive layer such as IDIXO (In₂O₃—ZnO)may also be used. The anode may be prepared by forming a thin layer ofthe electrode material according to a depositing or sputtering method,and by forming the layer into a desired pattern according to aphotolithographic method. When required precision of the pattern is notso high (not less than 100 μm), the pattern may be formed by depositingor sputtering of the electrode material through a mask having a desiredform. When light is emitted through the anode, the transmittance of theanode is preferably 10% or more, and the sheet resistance of the anodeis preferably not more than several hundred ohm/sq. The thickness of thelayer is ordinarily within the range of from 10-1000 nm, and preferablyfrom 10-200 nm, although it may vary due to kinds of materials used.

<<Cathode>>

On the other hand, for the cathode, a metal (also referred to as anelectron injecting metal), an alloy, and an electroconductive compoundeach having a low working function (not more than 4 eV), and a mixturethereof are used as the electrode material. Specific examples of such anelectrode material include sodium, sodium-potassium alloy, magnesium,lithium, a magnesium/copper mixture, a magnesium/silver mixture, amagnesium/aluminum mixture, magnesium/indium mixture, analuminum/aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) mixture, indium, a lithium/aluminummixture, and a rare-earth metal. Among them, a mixture of an electroninjecting metal and a metal higher in the working function than that ofthe electron injecting metal, such as the magnesium/silver mixture,magnesium/aluminum mixture, magnesium/indium mixture, aluminum/aluminumoxide (Al₂O₃) mixture, lithium/aluminum mixture, or aluminum is suitablefrom the view point of the electron injecting ability and resistance tooxidation. The cathode can be prepared forming a thin layer of such anelectrode material by a method such as a deposition or spatteringmethod. The sheet resistance as the cathode is preferably not more thanseveral hundred ohm/sq, and the thickness of the layer is ordinarilyfrom 10 nm-1000 nm, and preferably from 50 nm-200 nm. It is preferablein increasing the light emission efficiency that either the anode or thecathode of the organic EL element is transparent or semi-transparent.

<<Substrate (Also Referred to as Base Plate, Base or Support)>>

The substrate employed for the organic EL element of the presentinvention is not restricted to specific kinds of materials such as glassand plastic, as far as it is transparent. Examples of the substratepreferably used include glass, quartz and light transmissible plasticfilm. Specifically preferred one is a resin film capable of providingflexibility to the organic EL element.

Examples of the resin film include films of polyethylene terephthalate(PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethersulfone (PES),polyetherimide, polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene sulfide,polyarylate, polyimide, polycarbonate (PC), cellulose triacetate (TAC)and cellulose acetate propionate (CAP).

The surface of the resin film may have a layer of an inorganic ororganic compound or a hybrid layer of both compounds which is preferablya high barrier film having a moisture permeability of not more than 0.01g/m²·day·at.

The external light emission efficiency of the organicelectroluminescence element of the present invention is preferably notless than 1%, and more preferably not less than 2% at room temperature.Herein, external quantum yield (%) is represented by the followingformula:External quantum yield (%)=((the number of photons emitted to theexterior of the organic EL element)/(the number of electrons supplied tothe organic EL element))×100

A hue improving filter such as a color filter may be used incombination.

When used as an illuminator, a film being subjected to a surfaceroughening treatment (for example, an antiglare film) may be usedtogether, in order to reduce the emission irregularity.

When used as a multicolored display, at least two organic EL elementshaving different emission maximum wavelengths are used. A preferableexample of manufacturing an organic EL element will now be explained.

<<Preparation Method of Organic EL Element>>

For one example, the preparation of the organic EL element, which hasthe following constitution will be described: Anode/Hole injectionlayer/Hole transport layer/Emission layer/Electron transportlayer/Cathode buffer layer/Cathode.

A thin layer of a desired material for an electrode such as a materialof the anode is formed on a suitable substrate by a vacuum deposition orsputtering method to prepare the anode so that the thickness of thelayer is not more than 1 μm and preferably within the range of from 10to 200 nm. Then organic compound thin layers including the holeinjection layer, the hole transport layer, the emission layer, the holeblocking layer and the electron transport layer, which constitute theorganic EL element, are formed on the resulting anode.

As methods for formation of the thin layers, as the same as describedabove, there are a vacuum deposition method and a wet process (forexample, a spin coating method, a cast method, an inkjet method, and aprinting method), however, a vacuum deposition method, a spin coatingmethod, an inkjet method and a printing method are preferably used,since a uniform layer without a pinhole can be formed. Different methodsmay be used for formation of different layers. When the vacuumdeposition method is used for the thin layer formation method, althoughconditions of the vacuum deposition differs due to kinds of materialsused, vacuum deposition is preferably carried out at a boat temperatureof 50-450° C., at a degree of vacuum of from 10⁻⁶ to 10⁻² Pa, at adeposition speed of 0.01-50 nm/second, and at a substrate temperature of−50-300° C. to form a layer with a thickness of 0.1 nm-5 μm.

After these layers has been formed, a thin layer of a material for acathode is formed thereon to prepare a cathode, employing, for example,a vacuum deposition method or sputtering method to give a thickness ofnot more than 1 μm, and preferably 50-200 nm. Thus, a desired organic ELelement is obtained. It is preferred that the layers from the holeinjection layer to the cathode are continuously formed under one time ofvacuuming to obtain an organic EL element. However, on the way of thelayer formation under vacuum, a different layer formation method bytaking the layer out of the vacuum chamber may be inserted. When thedifferent method is used, the process is required to be carried outunder a dry inert gas atmosphere.

<<Display>>

The display of the present invention will now be explained.

In the present invention, the display may be single color or may bemulticolor, however, a multicolor display will now be explained. In themulticolor display of the present invention, the emission layer only isformed using a shadow mask, and the other layers, besides the emissionlayer, can be formed all over the substrate employing a vacuum method, acast method, a spin coat method an inkjet method or a printing method.

When the emission layer only is formed by patterning, the layerformation, although not specifically limited, is carried out preferablyaccording to a vacuum deposition method, an inkjet method or a printingmethod. When a vacuum deposition method is used as the layer formationmethod, patterning of the layer is preferably carried out employing ashadow mask.

Further, the organic EL element can be prepared in the reverse order, inwhich the cathode, the electron transport layer, the hole blockinglayer, the emission layer, the hole transport layer, and the anode areformed in that order. When a direct current voltage, a voltage of 2 to40 V is applied to thus obtained multicolor display, setting the anodeas a + polarity and the cathode as a − polarity, light emission isobserved. When a voltage with the reverse polarity is applied, nocurrent flows and no light emission is observed. When an alternatingcurrent is applied, light emission is observed only when + is applied tothe anode and − is applied to the cathode. Arbitrary wave shape ofalternating current may be used.

The multicolor display can be used as a display for indication, adisplay, or various light emission sources. The display for indicationor the display, which employs three kinds of organic EL elementsemitting a blue light, a red light and a green light can present a fullcolor image.

Examples of the display or the display include a television, a personalcomputer, a mobile device or an AV device, a display for textbroadcasting, and an information display used in a car. The display maybe used as specifically a display for reproducing a still image or amoving image. When the display is used as a display for reproducing amoving image, the driving method may be either a simple matrix (passivematrix) method or an active matrix method.

Examples of an illuminator include a home lamp, a room lamp in a car, abacklight for a watch or a liquid crystal, a light source for boardingadvertisement, a signal device, a light source for a photo memorymedium, a light source for an electrophotographic copier, a light sourcefor an optical communication instrument, and a light source for anoptical sensor, however, are not limited thereto.

<<Illuminator>>

The illuminator of the present invention will now be explained.

The organic EL element of the present invention may be an organic ELelement having a resonator structure. The organic EL element having aresonator structure is applied to a light source for a photo-memorymedium, a light source for an electrophotographic copier, a light sourcefor an optical communication instrument, or a light source for aphoto-sensor, however, its application is not limited thereto. In theabove application, a laser oscillation may be carried out.

The organic EL element of the present invention can be used as a lampsuch as an illuminating lamp or a light source for exposure, as aprojection device for projecting an image, or as a display for directlyviewing a still image or a moving image. When the element is used in adisplay for reproducing a moving image, the driving method may be eithera simple matrix (passive matrix) method or an active matrix method. Thedisplay can present a full color image by employing two or more kinds oforganic EL elements each emitting light with a different color.

One of the examples of the display containing the organic EL element ofthe present invention will be explained below employing Figures.

FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of one example of a display containing anorganic EL element. FIG. 1 is a display such as that of a cellularphone, displaying image information due to light emission from theorganic EL.

Display 1 contains a display section A having plural pixels and acontrol section B carrying out image scanning based on image informationto display an image in the display section A.

The control section B is electrically connected to the display sectionA, transmits a scanning signal and an image data signal to each of theplural pixels based on image information from the exterior, and conductsimage scanning which emits light from each pixel due to the scanningsignal according to the image data signal, whereby an image is displayedon the display section A.

FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of a display section A.

The display section A contains a substrate, plural pixels 3, and awiring section containing plural scanning lines 5 and plural data lines6. The main members of the display section A will be explained below.

In FIG. 2, light from pixels 3 is emitted in the direction of an arrow(downward).

The plural scanning lines 5 and plural data lines 6 of the wiringsection 2 each are composed of an electroconductive material, the lines5 and the lines 6 being crossed with each other at a right angle, andconnected with the pixels 3 at the crossed points (not illustrated).

The pixel 3, when the scanning signal is applied from the scanning lines5, receives the data signal from the data lines 6, and emits lightcorresponding to the image data received. By providing red lightemitting pixels, green light emitting pixels, and blue light emittingpixels side by side on the same substrate, a full color image can bedisplayed.

Next, an emission process of pixels will be explained.

FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing of a pixel.

The pixel contains an organic EL element 10, a switching transistor 11,a driving transistor 12, and a capacitor 13. When a pixel with a redlight emitting organic EL element, a pixel with a green light emittingorganic EL element, and a pixel with a blue light emitting organic ELelement are provided side by side on the same substrate, a full colorimage can be displayed.

In FIG. 3, an image data signal is applied through the data lines 6 fromthe control section B to a drain of the switching transistor 11, andwhen a scanning signal is applied to a gate of the switching transistor11 through the scanning lines 5 from the control section B, theswitching transistor 11 is switched on, and the image signal dataapplied to the drain is transmitted to the capacitor 13 and the gate ofthe driving transistor 12.

The capacitor 13 is charged according to the electric potential of theimage data signal transmitted, and the driving transistor 12 is switchedon. In the driving transistor 12, the drain is connected to an electricsource line 7, and the source to an organic EL element 10. Current issupplied from the electric source line 7 to the organic EL element 10according to the electric potential of the image data signal applied tothe gate.

The scanning signal is transmitted to the next scanning line 5 accordingto the successive scanning of the control section B, the switchingtransistor 11 is switched off. Even if the switching transistor 11 isswitched off, the driving transistor 12 is turned on since the capacitor13 maintains a charged potential of image data signal, and lightemission from the organic EL element 10 continues until the nextscanning signal is applied. When the next scanning signal is appliedaccording the successive scanning, the driving transistor 12 worksaccording to an electric potential of the next image data signalsynchronized with the scanning signal, and light is emitted from theorganic EL element 10.

That is, light is emitted from the organic EL element 10 in each of theplural pixels 3 due to the switching transistor 11 as an active elementand the driving transistor 12 each being provided in the organic ELelement 10 of each of the plural pixels 3. This emission process iscalled an active matrix process.

Herein, light emission from the organic EL element 10 may be emissionwith plural gradations according to image signal data of multiple valuehaving plural gradation potentials, or emission due to on-off accordingto a binary value of the image data signals.

The electric potential of the capacitor 13 may maintain till the nextapplication of the scanning signal, or may be discharged immediatelybefore the next scanning signal is applied.

In the present invention, light emission may be carried out employing apassive matrix method as well as the active matrix method as describedabove. The passive matrix method is one in which light is emitted fromthe organic EL element according to the data signal only when thescanning signals are scanned.

FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing of a display employing a passive matrixmethod. In FIG. 4, pixels 3 are provided between the scanning lines 5and the data lines 6, crossing with each other.

When scanning signal is applied to scanning line 5 according tosuccessive scanning, pixel 3 connecting the scanning line 5 emitsaccording to the image data signal. The passive matrix method has noactive element in the pixel 3, which reduces manufacturing cost of adisplay.

The organic EL element of the present invention can be applied to anorganic EL element emitting substantially white light as an illuminator.White light is obtained by mixing plural color lights, which are emittedfrom plural emission compounds. A combination of the plural color lightsmay be that of lights of three primary colors, blue, green, and redcolors, each having a different emission maximum wavelength, or that oflights of complementary colors such as blue and yellow colors, or bluegreen and orange colors, each having a different emission maximumwavelength.

A combination of light emitting materials for obtaining plural colorlights may be a combination of materials emitting plural fluorescent orphosphorescent light (light emission dopants), or a combination of afluorescent or phosphorescent light emitting-material and a colorantwhich emit light under excitation due to excitation light from the lightemitting-material. In the white light emitting organic EL element of thepresent invention, preferable is a combination of only plural lightemitting dopants.

Examples of a layer construction of an organic EL element to obtain aplurality of emitting colors include: a method to mix a plurality ofemitting dopants in an emitting layer; a method to provide a pluralityof emitting layers each containing an emitting dopant exhibiting adifferent emitting wavelength from other dopant; and a method to mountminute pixels emitting lights of different wavelengths in a matrixarrangement on a substrate.

In the organic EL element emitting white light of the present invention,pattering may be carried out by using a mask, if necessary, while alayer is formed or by ink-jet printing. Patterning may be carried outonly for an electrode, for an electrode and an emitting lay or for allthe layers of the organic EL element.

Light emitting materials used in the light emitting layer are notspecifically limited. For example, a back light used in a liquid crystaldisplay is prepared by arbitrary selecting materials fromplatinum-complexes relating to the present invention or from known lightemitting compounds and by using the selected materials in combination toemit white light, so that the emitted light fits the wavelength rangecorresponding to the CF (color filter) property.

The white light emitting organic EL element of the present invention maybe suitably used for a variety of emitting light source, an illuminatorfor household use or in a vehicle, a kind of a lamp such as a lightsource for exposure, or for a display device, for example, as a backlight of a liquid crystal display.

Other examples of the usage include: a backlight of a watch, anadvertisement signboard, a traffic light, a light source for an opticalmemory medium, a light source for an electrophotographic copier, a lightsource for an optical communication processor, a light source for alight sensor and electric appliances for household use having a displaydevice.

EXAMPLES

In the following, the present invention will be explained usingexamples, however, the present invention is not limited thereto.

Here, a list of compounds used in the examples (the compounds listed inthe tables as well as those which are not listed in the tables butevaluated and only the results are given) will be shown.

Example 1 Preparation of White Light Emitting Prganic EL Element 1-1Inventive

On a 25 mm×25 mm×0.5 mm glass substrate, an indium-tin oxide anode (ITO,indium/tin=95/5 in molar ratio) was formed via a sputtering methodemploying a direct current power source (thickness: 200 nm). The surfaceresistance of the anode was 10 Ω/sq. Subsequently, in order to obtain65% of emission component of green light when a current of 10 mA/cm² waspassed through the fabricated element, prepared was: polyvinylcarbazole(hole transporting binder polymer)/BDM-1 (blue light emitting orthometalated complex)/GDM-1 tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium complex (greenlight emitting ortho metalatedcomplex)/RDM-1:bis(2-benzothiophene[b]-2-yl-pyridine)acetylacetonate-iridiumcomplex (red light emitting ortho metalatedcomplex)/2-(4-biphenilyl)-5-(4-t-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (electrontransport material)=200/2/5/2/50 (in weight ratio), followed bydissolving in dichloroethane and spin coating to form a light emissionlayer of the thickness of 100 nm.

A patterned mask (a mask to form an emission area of 5 mm×5 mm) wasplaced on the obtained light emission layer, and 0.5 nm thickness oflithium fluoride layer as a cathode buffer layer and 150 nm thickness ofaluminum layer as the cathode were deposited in a vacuum evaporationapparatus. Aluminum lead wires were connected to the anode and thecathode to prepare an emission element. The emission element was sealedwith a glass container using a UV-curable adhesive (XNR5493, produced byNagase-Ciba Ltd.) in a nitrogen-filled glove box to obtain a White LightEmitting Organic EL Element 1-1 (Inventive) as shown in FIG. 5.

<<Preparation of White Light Emitting Organic EL Elements 1-2 to 1-15>>

White Light Emitting Organic EL Elements 1-2 to 1-12 (Inventive) and1-13 to 1-15 (Comparative) were prepared in the same manner as WhiteLight Emitting Organic EL Element 1-1 except that the materials listedin Table 1 were used and the spectral ratio of green light emission inthe emission spectrum of each element was adjusted as shown in Table 1.

<<Preparation of GOLED-1 for Measuring Spectral Ratio of Green LightEmission>>

In order to use for measuring the spectral ratio of green light emissionof a white light emitting organic EL element while a current of 10mA/cm² is passed, GOLED-1 for measuring spectral ratio of green lightemission was prepared as follows.

On a 25 mm×25 mm×0.5 mm glass substrate, an indium-tin oxide anode (ITO,indium/tin=95/5 in molar ratio) was formed via a sputtering methodemploying a direct current power source (thickness: 200 nm). The surfaceresistance of the anode was 10 Ω/sq. Subsequently, a solution of:polyvinylcarbazole (hole transporting binderpolymer)/tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium complex (green light emittingortho metalatedcomplex)/2-(4-biphenilyl)-5-(4-t-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (electrontransport material)=200/10/50 (in weight ratio) dissolving indichloroethane was spin coated to form a light emission layer of thethickness of 100 nm. A patterned mask (a mask to form an emission areaof 5 mm×5 mm) was placed on the obtained light emission layer, and 0.5nm thickness of lithium fluoride layer as a cathode buffer layer and 150nm thickness of aluminum layer as the cathode were deposited in a vacuumevaporation apparatus. Aluminum lead wires were connected to the anodeand the cathode to prepare an emission element. The emission element wassealed with a glass container using a UV-curable adhesive (XNR5493,produced by Nagase-Ciba Ltd.) in a nitrogen-filled glove box to obtain agreen light emitting element as a comparative sample. The spectral curveof green emission obtained from the green light emitting element isshown in FIG. 7.

<<Preparation of GOLED-2 to 4 for Measuring Spectral Ratio of GreenLight Emission>>

GOLED-2 to 4 for Measuring Spectral Ratio of Green Light Emission wereprepared in the same manner as GOLED-1 except that materials for greenlight emission were changed as shown in Table 1. TABLE 1 Constitution oflight emission layer (thickness 100 nm) Spectral Used material and addedamount (in weight ratio) ratio of Hole Blue light Green light Red lightElectron green light Sample transport emitting emitting emittingtransport emission name material material material material material(%)*1 Remarks 1-1 PVK 200 BMD-1 2 GDM-1 5 RDM-1 2 ET-1 50 65 Inventive1-2 PVK 200 BMD-1 2 GDM-2 5 RDM-2 2 ET-2 50 67 Inventive 1-3 PVK 200BMD-2 2 GDM-1 5 RDM-1 2 ET-1 50 69 Inventive 1-4 PVK 200 BMD-3 2 GDM-1 5RDM-2 2 ET-2 50 66 Inventive 1-5 PVK 200 BMD-4 2 GDM-1 5 RDM-1 2 ET-1 5068 Inventive 1-6 PVK 200 BMD-5 2 GDM-3 5 RDM-2 2 ET-2 50 70 Inventive1-7 PVK 200 BMD-6 2 GDM-1 5 RDM-1 2 ET-1 50 68 Inventive 1-8 PVK 200BMD-7 2 GDM-1 5 RDM-2 2 ET-2 50 70 Inventive 1-9 PVK 200 BMD-8 2 GDM-1 5RDM-2 2 ET-2 50 63 Inventive 1-10 PVK 200 BMD-9 2 GDM-4 5 RDM-2 2 ET-150 67 Inventive 1-11 PVK 200 BMD-10 4 GDM-4 5 RDM-2 2 ET-1 50 65Inventive 1-12 PVK 200 BMD-11 5 GDM-1 5 RDM-2 2 ET-1 50 66 Inventive1-13 PVK 200 BD-1 1 GDM-1 5 RDM-1 1 ET-1 50 59 Comparative 1-14 PVK 200BD-2 10 GDM-1 0.5 RDM-2 2 ET-2 50 55 Comparative 1-15 PVK 200 BGD-1 8GDM-1 0.3 RDM-2 0.1 ET-2 50 35 Comparative GOLED-1 PVK 200 — GDM-1 10 —50 *2 GOLED-2 PVK 200 — GDM-2 10 — 50 *2 GOLED-3 PVK 200 — GDM-3 10 — 50*2 GOLED-4 PVK 200 — GDM-4 10 — 50 *2*1Measured while 10 mA/cm² of current was passed through the element*2 Comparative Sample<<Spectral Ratio of Green Light Emission of Green Light Emitting OrthoMetalated Complex>>

Comparison of the spectral curves was carried out using the spectralcurve of white light emission obtained from each obtained element andthe spectral curve of green light emission obtained from each of GOLED-1to 4 for measuring the spectral ratio (for example, when an elementemploying GDM-1 was measured, comparison of the spectral curve wascarried out using GOLED-1 in which GDM-1 was employed), and the spectralratio of a green light emitting ortho metalated complex in the emissionspectrum of a white light was calculated.

Here, the emission spectrum in the wavelength range of 400 nm-800 nmobtained when 10 mA/cm² of current was passed through each element wasused as the white light emission spectrum.

The calculation method of the spectral ratio was as follows: The twospectral curves of white light emission and green light emission werestandardized using the emission maximum of the green light emission.When the areas surrounded by each standardized spectral curve and theabscissa axis (wavelength axis) were designated as white light emissionintensity (ELwhite) and green light emission intensity (ELgreen), thevalue of: Agreen=(Elgreen)/(Elwhite) was adopted as a spectral ratio ofgreen light emitting ortho metalated complex. When a white lightemitting element contains no green light emitting compound, the spectralratio of green light emission is 0 without calculation.

<<Emission Luminance, Emission Efficiency>>

Light emission was carried out by passing a direct current through eachof the obtained Organic El Elements 1-1 to 1-15 using Source measureunit 2400 produced by Toyo Technica Inc., and measured were an emissionluminance (cd/m²) while 10 V direct current was applied and an emissionefficiency (lm/W) while a current of 2.5 mA/cm² was passed through.

<<CIE Chromaticity of White Light>>

A direct current of 10 mA/cm² was passed through each of the obtainedOrganic El Elements 1-1 to 1-15 and each light emission spectrum wasmeasured using Spectrum Analyzer PMA-11 produced by Hamamatsu PhotonicsK.K. The results were shown in the values of CIE chromaticitycoordinates.

The CIE chromaticity coordinate of the white light of the presentinvention is preferably (0.28-0.38, 0.28-0.38) and specificallypreferably (0.33, 0.33).

The results were shown in Table 2. TABLE 2 CIE Wavelength ofchromaticity blue light Emission Luminance Emission efficiency of whitelight emission peak Sample while 10 V while 2.5 mA/cm² while 10 while 10name applied (cd/m²) passed (lm/W) mA/cm² passed mA/cm² passed (nm)Remarks 1-1 37000 9.6 (0.31, 0.33) 448 Inventive 1-2 39000 10.2 (0.33,0.33) 448 Inventive 1-3 40000 10.5 (0.34, 0.33) 450 Inventive 1-4 370009.8 (0.33, 0.33) 450 Inventive 1-5 39000 10.3 (0.33, 0.36) 454 Inventive1-6 37000 10.9 (0.32, 0.34) 443 Inventive 1-7 38000 10.4 (0.33, 0.35)445 Inventive 1-8 42000 11.2 (0.35, 0.35) 452 Inventive 1-9 35000 9.2(0.30, 0.33) 446 Inventive 1-10 38000 10.1 (0.32, 0.33) 445 Inventive1-11 41000 9.8 (0.35, 0.36) 452 Inventive 1-12 39000 10.1 (0.35, 0.35)456 Inventive 1-13 25000 5.6 (0.35, 0.36) 450 Comparative 1-14 36000 8.3(0.38, 0.45) 460 Comparative 1-15 27000 6.8 (0.31, 0.36) 471 Comparative

It is clear, from Table 2, that the white light emitting organic ELelements of the present invention each exhibit a high emission luminanceand a high emission efficiency as well as exhibiting a CIE chromaticitylying in the preferable range. The element samples in which BDM-1 inelement sample 1-1 was replaced with each of the above described bluelight emitting dopants BDM-10 to 45 also exhibited preferable effects.

Example 2 Preparation of White Light Emitting Organic EL Element 2-1

On a 25 mm×25 mm×0.5 mm glass substrate, an indium-tin oxide anode (ITO,indium/tin=95/5 in molar ratio) was formed via a sputtering methodemploying a direct current power source (thickness: 200 nm). The surfaceresistance of the anode was 10 Ω/sq. On the anode,N,N′-dinaphthyl-N,N′-diphenylbenzidine (α-NPD) was deposited by vacuumevaporation with a thickness of 30 nm as a hole transport layer. Afterthat, host material HM-1 and blue light emitting material BDM-1 wereco-deposited in depositing rates of 3 nm/sec and 0.3 nm/sec,respectively, by vacuum evaporation to form a first light emission layerhaving a thickness of 10 nm. Subsequently, a host material4,4′-N,N′-dicarbazolebiphenyl (CBP) and green light emitting materialGDM-1 were co-deposited in depositing rates of 3 nm/sec and 0.5 nm/sec,respectively, by vacuum evaporation to form a second light emissionlayer having a thickness of 20 nm. Further, a host material CBP and redlight emitting material RDM-1 were co-deposited in depositing rates of 3nm/sec and 0.1 nm/sec, respectively, by vacuum evaporation to form athird light emission layer having a thickness of 10 nm.

After that, a BCP layer having a thickness of 10 nm was formed as a holeblocking layer.

Further, an Alq₃ layer having a thickness of 25 nm was vacuum evaporatedto form an electron transport layer. On the organic compound layers, apatterned mask (a mask to form an emission area of 5 mm×5 mm) wasplaced, and 0.5 nm thickness of lithium fluoride layer as a cathodebuffer layer and 150 nm thickness of aluminum layer as the cathode weredeposited in a vacuum evaporation apparatus. Aluminum lead wires wereconnected to the anode and the cathode to prepare an emission element.The emission element was sealed with a glass container using aUV-curable adhesive (XNR5493, produced by Nagase-Ciba Ltd.) in anitrogen-filled glove box to obtain White Light Emitting Organic ELElement 2-1 of the present invention.

<<Preparation of White Light Emitting Organic EL Elements 2-2 to 2-19>>

White Light Emitting Organic EL Elements 2-2 to 2-19 each were preparedin the same manner as White Light Emitting Organic EL Elements 2-1,except that the materials and layer constitutions listed in Tables 3-5were employed.

<<Preparation of GOLED-5 for Measuring Spectral Ratio of Green LightEmission>>

In order to use for measuring the spectral ratio of green light emissionof the elements prepared in Example 2 while a current of 10 mA/cm² ispassed, GOLED-5 for measuring spectral ratio of green light emission wasprepared as follows.

On a 25 mm×25 mm×0.5 mm glass substrate, an indium-tin oxide anode (ITO,indium/tin=95/5 in molar ratio) was formed via a sputtering methodemploying a direct current power source (thickness: 200 nm). The surfaceresistance of the anode was 10 Ω/sq. On the anode, α-NPD was depositedby vacuum evaporation with a thickness of 30 nm as a hole transportlayer. After that, host material CBP and green light emitting materialGDM-1 were co-deposited in depositing rates of 3 nm/sec and 0.5 nm/sec,respectively, by vacuum evaporation to form a green light emission layerhaving a thickness of 40 nm. Subsequently, a BCP layer having athickness of 10 nm was formed as a hole blocking layer. Further, an Alq₃layer having a thickness of 25 nm was vacuum evaporated to form anelectron transport layer.

On the electron transport layer, a patterned mask (a mask to form anemission area of 5 mm×5 mm) was placed, and 0.5 nm thickness of lithiumfluoride layer as a cathode buffer layer and 150 nm thickness ofaluminum layer as the cathode were deposited in a vacuum evaporationapparatus. Aluminum lead wires were connected to the anode and thecathode to prepare an emission element. The emission element was sealedwith a glass container using a UV-curable adhesive (XNR5493, produced byNagase-Ciba Ltd.) in a nitrogen-filled glove box to obtain a green lightemitting element as a comparative sample. The spectral curve of greenlight emission obtained from the green light emitting element is shownin FIG. 8.

<<Preparation of GOLED-6 to 8 for Measuring Spectral Ratio of GreenLight Emission>>

GOLED-6 to 8 for Measuring Spectral Ratio of Green Light Emission wereprepared in the same manner as GOLED-5 except that materials or greenlight emission were changed as shown in Table 1. TABLE 3 First emissionlayer Second emission layer Third emission layer Spectral ratio(material and added (material and added (material and added of greenamount (wt %)) amount (wt %)) amount (wt %)) emission while Sample HostEmission Host Emission Host Emission 10 mA/cm² name *1 material material*1 material material *1 material material passed (%) Remarks 2-1 20 HM-190 BDM-1 10 20 CBP 93 GDM-1 7 20 CBP 85 RDM-1 15 68 Inv. 2-2 30 HM-2 90BDM-1 10 20 CBP 87 GDM-1 10 — — — 66 Inv. RDM-2 3 2-3 30 HM-1 85 BDM-210 20 CBP 85 RDM-1 15 — — — 69 Inv. GDM-1 5 2-4 30 HM-2 85 BDM-2 10 20CBP 85 RDM-2 15 — — — 70 Inv. GDM-2 5 2-5 30 HM-1 84 BDM-1 10 — — — — —— 66 Inv. GDM-1 4 RDM-1 2 2-6 30 HM-2 84 BDM-2 10 — — — — — — 67 Inv.GDM-1 4 RDM-2 2 2-7 10 HM-3 90 BDM-3 10 10 CBP 87 GDM-3 10 — — — 68 Inv.RDM-1 3 2-8 10 HM-3 85 BDM-4 10 10 CBP 85 RDM-2 15 — — — 65 Inv. GDM-4 52-9 20 HM-4 84 BDM-5 10 — — — — — — 70 Inv. GDM-1 4 RDM-1 2 2-10 20 HM-584 BDM-6 10 — — — — — — 64 Inv. GDM-2 4 RDM-2 2*1 Layer thickness (nm)Inv.: Inventive

TABLE 4 First emission layer Second emission layer Third emission layerSpectral ratio (material and added (material and added (material andadded of green amount (wt %)) amount (wt %)) amount (wt %)) emissionwhile Sample Host Emission Host Emission Host Emission 10 mA/cm² name *1material material *1 material material *1 material material passed (%)Remarks 2-11 20 HM-1 84 BDM-7 10 — — — — — — 68 Inv. GDM-1 4 RDM-2 22-12 20 HM-2 84 BDM-8 10 — — — — — — 70 Inv. GDM-1 4 RDM-2 2 2-13 20HM-1 84 BDM-9 10 — — — — — — 65 Inv. GDM-2 4 2-14 20 HM-2 90 RDM-2 2BDM-9 10 20 CBP 87 GDM-1 10 — — — 70 Inv. RDM-1 3 2-15 30 HM-1 84 BDM-1010 — — — — — — 68 Inv. GDM-1 4 RDM-2 2 2-16 30 HM-2 84 BDM-11 10 — — — —— — 69 Inv. GDM-1 4 RDM-2 2 2-17 20 — — BM-1 100 20 CBP 93 GDM-1 7 20CBP 85 RDM-1 15 65 Comp. 2-18 20 HM-1 90 BD-2 10 20 CBP 93 GDM-1 7 20CBP 85 RDM-2 15 55 Comp. 2-19 25 HM-1 90 BGD-1 10 — — — 20 CBP 85 RDM-215 — Comp. GOLED-5 30 CBP 93 GDM-1 7 — — — — — — *2 GOLED-6 30 CBP 93GDM-2 7 — — — — — — *2 GOLED-7 30 CBP 93 GDM-3 7 — — — — — — *2 GOLED-830 CBP 93 GDM-4 7 *2*1 Layer thickness (nm),*2 Comparative SampleInv.: Inventive,Comp.: Comparative

TABLE 5 Hole transport Hole blocking Electron transport layer layerlayer Hole Hole Electron Sample Thickness transport Thickness blockingThickness transport name (nm) material (nm) material (nm) layer Remarks2-1 40 α-NPD 10 BCP 20 Alq₃ Inv. 2-2 40 α-NPD 10 BAlq 20 ET-2 Inv. 2-340 α-NPD 10 BAlq 20 Alq₃ Inv. 2-4 40 α-NPD 10 BAlq 20 ET-2 Inv. 2-5 40HT-1 10 HB-1 20 Alq₃ Inv. 2-6 40 HT-1 10 HB-1 20 ET-2 Inv. 2-7 40 α-NPD10 BAlq 20 Alq₃ Inv. 2-8 40 α-NPD 10 BAlq 20 Alq₃ Inv. 2-9 40 HT-1 10HB-1 20 Alq₃ Inv. 2-10 40 HT-1 10 HB-1 20 Alq₃ Inv. 2-11 40 HT-1 10 HB-120 Alq₃ Inv. 2-12 40 HT-1 10 HB-1 20 Alq₃ Inv. 2-13 40 HT-1 10 HB-1 20Alq₃ Inv. 2-14 40 HT-1 10 HB-1 20 ET-2 Inv. 2-15 40 HT-1 10 HB-1 20 Alq₃Inv. 2-16 40 HT-1 10 HB-1 20 Alq₃ Inv. 2-17 40 α-NPD — — 30 ET-2 Comp.2-18 40 α-NPD 10 BCP 20 ET-2 Comp. 2-19 40 α-NPD 10 BCP 20 ET-2 Comp.GOLED-5 40 α-NPD 10 BCP 20 Alq₃ *1 GOLED-6 40 α-NPD 10 BCP 20 Alq₃ *1GOLED-7 40 α-NPD 10 BCP 20 Alq₃ *1 GOLED-8 40 α-NPD 10 BCP 20 Alq₃ *1*1 Comparative SampleInv.: Inventive,Comp.: Comparative

Obtained White Light Emitting Organic EL Elements 2-1 to 2-19 each wereevaluated in the same manner as described in Example 1.

The obtained results are shown in Table 6. TABLE 6 CIE Wavelength ofchromaticity blue light Emission Luminance Emission efficiency of whitelight emission peak Sample while 10 V while 2.5 mA/cm² while 10 while 10name applied (cd/m²) passed (lm/W) mA/cm² passed mA/cm² passed (nm)Remarks 2-1 71000 13.5 (0.31, 0.33) 447 Inventive 2-2 75000 10.7 (0.33,0.33) 447 Inventive 2-3 81000 11.0 (0.34, 0.36) 450 Inventive 2-4 8300014.0 (0.34, 0.35) 450 Inventive 2-5 80000 11.6 (0.33, 0.33) 447Inventive 2-6 76000 11.9 (0.32, 0.34) 450 Inventive 2-7 76000 12.0(0.33, 0.33) 449 Inventive 2-8 73000 11.2 (0.34, 0.35) 453 Inventive 2-988000 13.6 (0.33, 0.36) 442 Inventive 2-10 86000 10.7 (0.33, 0.35) 445Inventive 2-11 87000 11.0 (0.33, 0.35) 452 Inventive 2-12 83000 10.5(0.33, 0.35) 446 Inventive 2-13 79000 10.8 (0.32, 0.34) 445 Inventive2-14 82000 10.3 (0.30, 0.33) 445 Inventive 2-15 85000 11.1 (0.35, 0.36)452 Inventive 2-16 83000 10.6 (0.36, 0.36) 446 Inventive 2-17 40000 7.2(0.35, 0.36) 450 Comparative 2-18 62000 10.3 (0.38, 0.35) 460Comparative 2-19 58000 8.6 (0.31, 0.33) 471 Comparative

It is clear, from Table 6, that the white light emitting organic ELelements of the present invention each exhibit a high emission luminanceand a high emission efficiency as well as exhibiting a CIE chromaticitylying in the preferable range. The element samples in which BDM-1 inelement sample 1-1 was replaced with each of the above described bluelight emitting dopants BDM-10 to 45 also exhibited preferable effects.

Example 3 Preparation of White Light Emitting Element and White LightEmitting Illuminator

Each of the elements prepared in Example 1 or in Example 2 was providedwith the sealing container having the same structure in the same methodas in Example 1 to form flat lamps. In FIG. 6 a schematic illustrationof the flat lamp is shown. FIG. 6(a) shows a schematic illustration of aplain view and FIG. 6(b) shows a schematic illustration of thecross-section.

When an electric current was passed through the flat lamp, almost whitelight emission was obtained, and it was found that the flat lamp can beused as an illuminator.

Possibility for the Practical Use

According to the present invention, obtained were an organic EL elementexhibiting a high emission luminance, a high emission efficiency and ahigh purity CIE chromaticity of white light, and a display and anilluminator employing the above organic EL element.

1. A white light emitting organic electroluminescent element comprisingtwo electrodes having therebetween one or more constituting layersincluding a light emission layer, the one or more constituting layerscomprising at least two phosphorescent compounds, wherein at least oneof the phosphorescent compounds is a green light emitting orthometalated complex; and a spectral ratio of the green light emittingortho metalated complex in an emission spectral distribution in a rangeof 400-800 nm is not less than 60%.
 2. The white light emitting organicelectroluminescent element of claim 1, wherein at least one of thephosphorescent compounds is a blue light emitting ortho metalatedcomplex; and a shortest emission peak wavelength of the blue lightemitting ortho metalated complex is not more than 455 nm.
 3. The whitelight emitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 1, wherein atleast one of the phosphorescent compounds is a red light emitting orthometalated complex.
 4. The white light emitting organicelectroluminescent element of claim 2, wherein the blue light emittingortho metalated complex has at least one of the substructuresrepresented by Formulas (1) to (6) or at last one of tautomers of thesubstructures represented by Formulas (1) to (6).

[wherein, Z11 is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatichydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring; R₂₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃ eachare a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and M₁₁ is a metal belonging toone of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table.]

[wherein, Z21 is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatichydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring; R₂₁, R₂₂ and R₁₃ eachare a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and M₂₁ is a metal belonging toone of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table.]

[wherein, Z31 is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatichydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring; X₃₁, X₃₂ and X₃₃ eachare a carbon atom, —C(R₃)—, a nitrogen atom or —N(R₃)— (wherein, R₃ is ahydrogen atom or a substituent); C₃₁ is a carbon atom; M₃₁ is a metalbelonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table; and a bondbetween C₃₁ and N, a bond between N and X₃₃, a bond between X₃₂ and X₃₃,a bond between X₃₁ and X₃₂, and a bond between C₃₁ and X₃₁ each are asingle bond or a double bond.]

[wherein, Z41 is an atomic group necessary to form an aromaticheterocyclic ring; at least one of X₄ and X₄₂ is a nitrogen atom or—N(R₄)— (wherein, R₄ is a hydrogen atom or a substituent); M₄₁ is ametal belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table; C₄₁, C₄₂and C₄₃ each are a carbon atom; and a bond between C₄₁ and C₄₂, a bondbetween C₄₁ and X₄₂, a bond between X₄₁ and X₄₂, a bond between X₄₁ andC₄₃, and a bond between C₄₂ and C₄₃ each are a single bond or a doublebond.]

[wherein, Z51 is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatichydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring; X₅₁ is an oxygen atomor a sulfur atom; R₅₁ and R₅₂ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent;and M₅₁ is a metal belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodictable.]

[wherein, Z61 is an atomic group necessary to form an aromatichydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring. X₆₁, X₆₂ and X₆₃ eachare a carbon atom, —C(R₆)—, a nitrogen atom or —N(R₆)— (wherein, R₆ is ahydrogen atom or a substituent); and M₆₁ is a metal belonging to one ofGroups 8 to 10 of the periodic table.]
 5. The white light emittingorganic electroluminescent element of claim 2, wherein the blue lightemitting ortho metalated complex is a platinum complex represented byFormula (7).

[wherein, R₁, R₂, R₃, P4, R₅, R₆ and R₇ each are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that, at least one of R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆ andR₇ is a substituent; Ra is a substituent; Xa is an oxygen atom or asulfur atom; Y₁-L1-Y, is a bidentate ligand; Y, and Y₂ eachindependently are an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a carbon atom or asulfur atom; and L1 is an atomic group necessary to form a bidentateligand together with Y₁ and Y₂.]
 6. The white light emitting organicelectroluminescent element of claim 2, wherein the blue light emittingortho metalated complex is a metal complex having a substructurerepresented by Formula (8) or (9).

[wherein, A, B and C each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent, providedthat at least two of A, B and C are represented by -Xa-(Ra)_(na)(wherein Ra is a substituent, Xa is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or anitrogen atom, and na is 1 or 2.), which may be the same or different;R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄ and R₅ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and M₁is an element belonging to one Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table.]

[wherein, Rb, Rc and Rd each are a substituent; Xb, Xc and Xd each arean oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a nitrogen atom; nb, nc and nd each are1 or 2; R₆, R₇, R₈, R₉ and R₁₀ each are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; and M₂ is an element belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 ofthe periodic table.]
 7. The white light emitting organicelectroluminescent element of claim 2, wherein the blue light emittingortho metalated complex is a metal complex having a ligand representedby Formula (10), a metal complex having a substructure represented byFormula (11) or (12) or a metal complex having a tautomer of thesubstructure represented by Formula (11) or (12).

[wherein, X₁, X₂, X₃ and R₄ each independently are a carbon atom or anitrogen atom; C₁ and C₂ each are a carbon atom; Z1 represents a groupof atoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₁, X₁ and X₃; Z2 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₂, X₂ and X₄; A₁ is a nitrogen atom ora boron atom; R₁ is a substituent; and a bond between C, and X₁, a bondbetween C₂ and X₂, a bond between X₁ and X₃, and a bond between X₂ andX₄ each are a single bond or a double bond.]

[wherein, C₃, C₄, C₅, C₆ and C₇ each are a carbon atom; Z3 represents agroup of atoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or anaromatic heterocyclic ring together with together with C₃, C₄ and C₅; Z4represents a group of atoms necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclicring together with together with C₆, C₇ and N; A₂ is a nitrogen atom ora boron atom; R₂ is a substituent; and M₁₁ is an element belonging toone of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table; and a bond between C₃ andC₄, a bond between C₄ and C₅, a bond between C₆ and C₇, and a bondbetween C₇ and N each are a single bond or a double bond.]

[wherein, A₃ is a nitrogen atom or a boron atom; R₃ is a substituent; R₄and R₅ each are a substituent; n1 and n2 each are an integer of 0-3; andM₁₂ is an element belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodictable.]
 8. The white light emitting organic electroluminescent elementof claim 2, wherein the blue light emitting ortho metalated complex is ametal complex having a ligand represented by Formula (13), a metalcomplex having a substructure represented by Formula (14), a metalcomplex having a substructure represented by Formula (15) or a tautomerof the substructure, a metal complex having a ligand represented byFormula (16), a metal complex having a substructure represented byFormula (17) or a metal complex having a substructure represented byFormula (18).

[wherein, X₁, X₂, X₃ and X₄ each independently are a carbon atom or anitrogen atom; C₁ and C₂ each are a carbon atom; Z1 represents a groupof atoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₁, X₁ and X₃; Z2 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₂, X₂ and X₄; A₁ is a carbon atom or asilicon atom; R₁ and R₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; and a bond between C₁ and X₁, a bond between C₂ and X₂, abond between X₁ and X₃, and a bond between X₂ and X₄ each are a singlebond or a double bond.]

[wherein, C₃, C₄, C₅, C₆ and X₇ each are a carbon atom; Z3 represents agroup of atoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or anaromatic heterocyclic ring together with C₅, C₃ and C₇; Z4 represents agroup of atoms necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring togetherwith C₆, C₄ and N; A₂ is a carbon atom or a silicon atom; R₃ and R₄ eachindependently are a hydrogen atom or a substituent. M₁₁ is an elementbelonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table; and a bondbetween C₅ and C₃, a bond between C₃ and C₇, a bond between C₆ and C₄,and a bond between C₄ and N each are a single bond or a double bond.]

[wherein, A₃ is a carbon atom or a silicon atom; R₅ and R₆ eachindependently are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and R₇ and R₈ eachindependently are a substituent; n1 and n2 each independently are aninteger of 0-3; M₁₂ is an element belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 ofthe periodic table.]

[wherein, X₃, X₄, X₅ and X₆ each independently are a carbon atom or anitrogen atom; C₈-C₁₃ each are a carbon atom; Z5 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₈, X₃ and X₅; Z6 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₉, X₄ and X₆; Z7 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₁₀ and C₁₁; Z8 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₁₂ and C₁₃; A₄ is a carbon atom or asilicon atom; and a bond between X₃ and X₅, a bond between X₄ and X₆, abond between C₈ and X₃, and a bond between C₉ and X₄, a bond between C₁₀and C₁₁ and a bond between C₁₂ and C₁₃ each are a single bond or adouble bond.]

[wherein, C₁₄-C₂₂ each are a carbon atom; Z9 represents a group of atomsnecessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₁₆, C₁₄ and C₁₈; Z11 represents a groupof atoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₁₉ and C₂₀; Z12 represents a group ofatoms necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring together with C₂₁ and C₂₂; each are an atomic groupnecessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring; Z10 represents a group of atoms necessary to form anaromatic heterocyclic ring together with C₁₇, C₁₅ and N; A₅ is a carbonatom or a silicon atom; M₂₁ is an element belonging to one of Groups 8to 10 of the periodic table; and a bond between C₁₈ and C₁₄, a bondbetween C₁₄ and C₁₆, a bond between C₁₇ and C₁₅, and a bond between C₁₅and N, a bond between C₁₉ and C₂₀, and a bond between C₂₁ and C₂₂ eachare a single bond or a double bond.]

[wherein, Z13 represents a group of atoms necessary to form an aromatichydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring together with C₂₃ andC₂₄; Z14 represents a group of atoms necessary to form an aromatichydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring together with C₂₅ andC₂₆; A₅ is a carbon atom or a silicon atom. R₉ and R₁₀ eachindependently are a substituent; n3 and n4 each is an integer of 0-3;M₂₂ is an element belonging to one of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodictable; and a bond between C₂₃ and C₂₄, and a bond between C₂₅ and C₂₆each are a single bond or a double bond.]
 9. The white light emittingorganic electroluminescent element of claim 2, wherein the blue lightemitting ortho metalated complex comprises a platinum complex selectedfrom the group consisting of Formulas (19)-(27).

[wherein, R₁ and R₂ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent, providedthat at least one of R₁ and R₂ is the substituent; X₁ and X₂ each are acarbon atom, a nitrogen atom or a sulfur atom; and Z₁ and Z₂ each are anatomic group necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or anaromatic heterocyclic ring; n1 is an integer of 1 or 2; L1 is abidentate ligand when n1 is 1; and p1 and q1 each are an integer of0-4.]

[wherein, R₃ and R₄ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent, providedthat at least one of R₃ and R₄ is the substituent; n2 is an integer of 1or 2; L2 is a bidentate ligand when n2 is 1; and p2 and q2 each are aninteger of 0-4.]

[wherein, R₅ and R₆ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Z₃ is anatomic group necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or anaromatic heterocyclic ring; n3 is an integer of 1 or 2; L3 is abidentate ligand when n3 is 1; p3 is an integer of 0-3; and q3 is aninteger of 0-4.]

[wherein, R₇ and R₈ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent. R₉-R₁₃each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent. n4 is an integer of 1 or 2;and L4 is a bidentate ligand when n4 is 1; p4 is an integer of 0-3; andq4 is an integer of 0-4.]

[wherein, R₁₄ and R₁₅ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; Z₄ isan atomic group necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or anaromatic heterocyclic ring; n5 is an integer of 1 or 2; L5 is abidentate ligand when n5 is 1; p5 is an integer of 0-4; and q5 is aninteger of 0-3.]

[wherein, R₁₆ and R₁₇ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; R₁₈-R₂₂each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; n6 is an integer of 1 or 2;L6 is a bidentate ligand when n6 is 1; p6 is an integer of 0-3; and q7is an integer of 0-4.]

[wherein, R₂₃ and R₂₄ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; Z₅ isan atomic group necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring togetherwith a nitrogen atom; n7 is an integer of 1 or 2; L7 is a bidentateligand when n7 is 1; p8 is an integer of 0-3; and q6 is an integer of0-4.]

[wherein, R₂₅ and R₂₆ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent; Z₆ isan atomic group necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring togetherwith a nitrogen atom; n8 is an integer of 1 or 2; L8 is a bidentateligand when n8 is 1; p9 is an integer of 0-3; and q7 is an integer of0-4.]

[wherein, R₂₇ and R₂₈ each are a hydrogen atom or a substituent,provided that at least one of R₂₇ and R₂₈ is the substituent; L9 is adivalent linkage group; X₃ and X₄ each are a carbon atom, a nitrogenatom, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; Z₇ and Z₈ each are an atomicgroup necessary to form an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromaticheterocyclic ring; n9 is an integer of 1 or 2; L9 is a bidentate ligandwhen n9 is 1; and p10 and q8 each are an integer of 0-4.]
 10. The whitelight emitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 2, whereinthe blue light emitting ortho metalated complex comprises at least onesubstructure selected from the group consisting of Formulas (28)-(32) ora tautomer of the substructure.

[wherein, C is a carbon atom; N is a nitrogen atom; Z₁₁ is an atomicgroup necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring together with acarbon atom and a nitrogen atom; Z₁₂ is an atomic group necessary toform a non-aromatic ring together with a carbon atom; and M is a metal.]

[wherein, C is a carbon atom; N is a nitrogen atom; Z₂₁ and Z₂₂ each arean atomic group necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring togetherwith a carbon atom and a nitrogen atom; and M is a metal.]

[wherein, C is a carbon atom; N is a nitrogen atom; Z₃₁ is an atomicgroup necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring together with acarbon atom and a nitrogen atom; Z₃₂ is an atomic group comprising acarbon atom, a nitrogen atom or an oxygen atom necessary to form a5-membered or 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring together with acarbon atom; and M is a metal.]

[wherein, C is a carbon atom; N is a nitrogen atom; Z₄₁ is an atomicgroup necessary to form a ring together with a carbon atom and anitrogen atom; Z₄₂ is an atomic group necessary to form a ring togetherwith a carbon atom; and M is a metal.]

[wherein, C is a carbon atom; N is a nitrogen atom; Z₅₁ is an atomicgroup necessary to form an aromatic heterocyclic ring together with acarbon atom and a nitrogen atom; Z₅₂ is an atomic group to form anazulene ring together with a carbon atom; and M is a metal.]
 11. Thewhite light emitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 2comprising a platinum complex having a substructure represented byFormula (A) or (B).

[wherein, R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅, R₆ and R₇ each are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ is anelectron donating group; and Ra and Rb each are a substituent.]

[wherein, R₁₁, R₁₂, R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅, R₁₆ and R₁₇ each are a hydrogen atomor a substituent, provided that at least one of R₁₁ and R₁₃ is anelectron withdrawing group; and Rc and Rd each are a substituent.] 12.The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 2,wherein a shortest emission peak wavelength of the blue light emittingortho metalated complex is not more than 450 nm.
 13. The white lightemitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 1, wherein thelight emission layer or a layer adjacent to the light emission layercomprises a compound represented by Formula (33).

[wherein, Z₁ is an aromatic heterocyclic ring which may have asubstituent; Z₂ is an aromatic heterocyclic ring or an aromatichydrocarbon ring each of which may have a substituent; and Z₃ is adivalent linkage group or a single bonding arm; and R₁₀₁ is a hydrogenatom or a substituent.]
 14. The white light emitting organicelectroluminescent element of claim 13, wherein Z₁ of the compoundrepresented by Formula (33) is a 6-membered ring.
 15. The white lightemitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 13, wherein Z₂ ofthe compound represented by Formula (33) is a 6-membered ring.
 16. Thewhite light emitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 13,wherein Z₃ of the compound represented by Formula (33) is a singlebonding arm.
 17. The white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim 13, wherein a molecular weight of the compoundrepresented by Formula (33) is not less than
 450. 18. The white lightemitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 13, wherein thecompound represented by Formula (33) is represented by Formula (33-1).

[wherein, R₅₀₁-R₅₀₇ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]
 19. The white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim 13, wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) isrepresented by Formula (33-2).

[wherein, R₅₁₁-R₅₁₇ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]
 20. The white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim 13, wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) isrepresented by Formula (33-3).

[wherein, R₅₂₁-R₅₂₇ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]
 21. The white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim 13, wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) isrepresented by Formula (33-4).

[wherein, R₅₃₁-R₅₃₇ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]
 22. The white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim 13, wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) isrepresented by Formula (33-5).

[wherein, R₅₄₁-R₅₄₈ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]
 23. The white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim 13, wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) isrepresented by Formula (33-6).

[wherein, R₅₅₁-R₅₅₈ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]
 24. The white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim 13, wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) isrepresented by Formula (33-7).

[wherein, R₅₆₁-R₅₆₇ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]
 25. The white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim 13, wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) isrepresented by Formula (33-8).

[wherein, R₅₇₁-R₅₇₇ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]
 26. The white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim 13, wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) isrepresented by Formula (33-9).

[wherein, R₅₈₁-R₅₈₈ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]
 27. The white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim 13, wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) isrepresented by Formula (33-10).

[wherein, R₅₉₁-R₅₉₈ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent.]
 28. The white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim 13, wherein the compound represented by Formula (33)has at least one of the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).

[wherein, R₅₀₂-R₅₀₇, R₅₁₂-R₅₁₇, R₅₂₂-R₅₂₇, R₅₃₂-R₅₃₇, R₅₄₂-R₅₄₈,R₅₅₂-R₅₅₈, R₅₆₂-R₅₆₇, R₅₇₂-R₅₇₇, R₅₈₂-R₅₈₈ and R₅₉₂-R₅₉₈, eachindependently are a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and the substituentsmay be the same with each other or may be different.]
 29. The whitelight emitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 28, whereinthe compound represented by Formula (33) is represented by Formula (35).

[wherein, R₆₀₁-R₆₀₆ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₆₀₁-R₆₀₆ is a group selectedfrom the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).]
 30. The whitelight emitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 28, whereinthe compound represented by Formula (33) is represented by Formula (36).

[wherein, R₆₁₁-620 each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₆₁₁-R₆₂₀ is one groupselected from the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).] 31.The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 28,wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) is represented byFormula (37).

[wherein, R₆₂₁-R₆₂₃ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, however, at least one of R₆₂₁-R₆₂₃ is one group selectedfrom the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).]
 32. The whitelight emitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 28, whereinthe compound represented by Formula (33) is represented by Formula (38).

[wherein, P631-R₆₄₅ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₆₃₁-R₆₄₅ is one groupselected from the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).] 33.The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 28,wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) is represented byFormula (39).

[wherein, R₆₅₁-R₆₅₆ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₆₅₁-R₆₅₆ is one groupselected from the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10); na isan integer of 0-5; and nb is an integer of 1-6, provided that a sum ofna and nb is 6.]
 34. The white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim 28, wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) isrepresented by Formula (40).

[wherein, R₆₆₁-R₆₇₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₆₆₁-R₆₇₂ is one groupselected from the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).] 35.The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 28,wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) is represented byFormula (41).

[wherein, R₆₈₁-R₆₈₈ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent, provided that at least one of R₆₈₁-R₆₈₈ is one groupselected from the groups represented by Formulas (34-1)-(34-10).] 36.The white light emitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 28,wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) is represented byFormula (42).

[wherein, R₆₈₉-R₇₀₀ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; L1 is a divalent linkage group; at least one of R₆₉₁-R₇₀₀is one group selected from the groups represented by Formulas(34-1)-(34-10).]
 37. The white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim 13, wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) isrepresented by Formula (43).

wherein, R₁ and R₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; n and m each are an integer of 1-2; and k and l each are aninteger of 3-4, wherein, n+k=5 and l+m=5.]
 38. The white light emittingorganic electroluminescent element of claim 13, wherein the compoundrepresented by Formula (33) is represented by Formula (44).

[wherein, R₁ and R₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; n and m each are an integer of 1-2; and k and l each are aninteger of 3-4, wherein n+k=5 and l+m=5.]
 39. The white light emittingorganic electroluminescent element of claim 13, wherein the compoundrepresented by Formula (33) is represented by Formula (45).

[wherein, R₁ and R₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; n and m each are an integer of 1-2; and k and l each are aninteger of 3-4, wherein n+k=5 and l+m=5.]
 40. The white light emittingorganic electroluminescent element of claim 13, wherein the compoundrepresented by Formula (33) is represented by Formula (46).

[wherein, R₁ and R₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; n and m each are an integer of 1-2; and k and l each are aninteger of 3-4, wherein n+k=5 and l+m=5.]
 41. The white light emittingorganic electroluminescent element of claim 13, wherein the compoundrepresented by Formula (33) is represented by Formula (47).

[wherein, R₁ and R₂ each independently are a hydrogen atom or asubstituent; n and m each are an integer of 1-2; k and l each are aninteger of 3-4, wherein, n+k=5 and l+m=5; and Z₁, Z₂, Z₃ and Z₄ each area 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring comprising at least one nitrogenatom.]
 42. The white light emitting organic electroluminescent elementof claim 13, wherein the compound represented by Formula (33) isrepresented by Formula (48).

[wherein, o and p each are an integer of 1-3; Ar₁ and Ar₂ each are anarylene group or a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group; Z₁ and Z₂ eachare a 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring comprising at least onenitrogen atom; and L is a divalent linkage group.]
 43. The white lightemitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 13, wherein thecompound represented by Formula (33) is represented by Formula (49).

[wherein, o and p each are an integer of 1-3; Ar₁ and Ar₂ each are anarylene group or a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group; Z₁, Z₂, Z₃ andZ₄ each are a 6-membered aromatic heterocyclic ring containing at leastone nitrogen atom; and L is a divalent linkage group.]
 44. The whitelight emitting organic electroluminescent element of claim 6, whereinthe light emission layer or a layer adjacent to the emission layercomprises the two kinds or more of phosphorescent compounds.
 45. Adisplay having the white light emitting organic electroluminescentelement of claim
 1. 46. An illuminator having the white light emittingorganic electroluminescent element of claim 1.